1. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd FILTRATION AND PURIFICATION SYSTEMS TO MINIMISE OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO NICKEL SALTS IMF/NIDI CONFERENCE OCTOBER 4 TH 2007 Huw Williams – SERFILCO® Europe Ltd

2. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd Prevents roughness Extends life of solutions As a pre-treatment to reverse osmosis, coalescing and carbon FILTRATION

3. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd PURIFICATION Removes organic impurities Provides for uniform ductility

4. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd FACTORS WHICH EFFECT THE CHOICE OF A FILTRATION SYSTEM Size of tanks Type of solution Degree of clarity required Initial cost Cost to operate Flow rate Compatibility to temperature and concentrations In-tank vs. Out-of-tank Type and amount of solids to be removed between servicing Versatility to meet changing requirements

5. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd TYPE OF SOLIDS Gritty Sand-like usually found in an acid solution will build up a cake or thickness which can remain porous to allow for additional flow through. Slimey Usually found in an alkaline bath. String- like gels tend to blind a surface media prematurely.

6. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd WHERE DO TROUBLESOME SOLIDS COME FROM? Drag in Anodes Water Airborne Sources Chemical Break-down

7. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd FILTER SYSTEMS Pressurised Filtration Suction Filtration Gravity Filtration

8. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd FILTER SYSTEMS FOR NICKEL Cartridge – Wound, Spun, Pleated Paper Disc Bag Permanent Media

9. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd TYPICAL CARTRIDGE SYTEMS

10. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd AUTOMATIC BACKWASH PERMANENT MEDIA FILTRATION SYSTEMS 11 - 16m3/hr

11. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd AUTOMATIC BACKWASH PERMANENT MEDIA FILTRATION SYSTEMS 34 - 72m 3 /hr

12. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd FILTER VESSEL

13. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd FILTER VESSEL

14. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd SEQUENCE OF OPERATION FILTRATION Blowdown #1 - air purge solution back to tank Backwash Blowdown #2 - air purge water to effluent FILTRATION

15. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd NORMAL OPERATION

16. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd PRE-BACKWASH BLOWDOWN

17. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd BACKWASH TO WASTE TREATMENT

18. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd POST BACKWASH BLOWDOWN

19. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd FLOW RATE PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FILTER SYSTEMS

20. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd AUTOMATIC BACKWASH PERMANENT MEDIA Possible Disadvantages Higher Initial Cost than Most Advantages Zero Media costs - Buying/Disposal Zero Labour Cost for Servicing Low Sludge Formation No Separate Drummed Waste Zero solution loss Application Specific Media Optional Carbon Chamber

21. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd

22. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd

23. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd MEDIA The chemical and physical properties are important. The media must be hard, not smooth, and free of soluble particles. Chemical content is less than 0.0001% of the following:- Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Cyanide, Copper, Nickel, Lead, Zinc and Mercury.

24. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd MEDIA DESCRIPTIONU.S. MESHAPPROVALS Sand – 45 -.55 mm 40-30 AWWA 100-89 SPECS Gravel – 1/4" x 1/8" (#3) 6-3 medium AWWA 100-89 SPECS

25. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd MEDIA Acid Solubility (AWWA B100-89) - 5% max Specific Gravity (AWWA B100-89)- 2.62% min Porosity (ASTM C30/37)- 38.35% Loss of Ignition (AFC Handbook) 0.69% Hour Absorption 0.48% Dry Unit Weight (PFC) 100.00 lbs/of

26. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd BY-PASS CARBON PURIFICATION More adsorptive surface area than powdered carbon. Chambers are separate to the filter system and permit intermittent or continuous, controllable carbon purification. Only Filtered solution is treated.

27. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd BY-PASS CARBON PURIFICATION Reduces brightener and solution costs when compared to continuous or batch powdered carbon slurry treatments. Large savings compared to Carbon cartridges.

28. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd CARBON CHAMBER 1, 3 OR 7 CANISTERS 3 MICRON TRAP FILTER CLEAN AND EASY UP TO 21 Kg IN 1 CHAMBER

29. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd Schematic of Automatic Filter with Mobile By-pass Carbon chamber installed

30. October 2007SERFILCO® Europe Ltd IN CONCLUSION USING AN AUTOMATIC, PERMANENT MEDIA FILTRATION SYSTEM COUPLED WITH A MOBILE CARBON CHAMBER ON NICKEL PLATING SOLUTIONS:- Reduces operator exposure to nickel salts Reduces down time and filtration costs Produces crystal clear electrolytes by maintaining a high average flow rate Reduces roughness and improves quality Provides for uniform Ductility Provides for the most cost effective and user friendly organic removal