1. Spinal Injuries Chapter 11

2. Anatomy of the Spine Cervical Vertebrae – 7 Thoracic Vertebrae – 12 Lumbar Vertebrae – 5 Sacrum – 5 fused Coccyx – 4 fused

3. Cervical Vertebrae C1 – Atlas C2 – Axis C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7

4. Specialized Cervical Vertebrae

5. Typical Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7)

6. Thoracic Vertebrae

7. Lumbar Vertebrae

8. Sacrum and Coccyx

9. Intervertebral Discs Disc nucleus = nucleus pulposus Annulus Fibrosus

10. Intrinsic Muscles of the back “Deep” muscles Three layers: –Superficial layer – Splenius Muscles –Intermediate layer – divided into 3 vertical columns Spinalis – medial column Longissimus – intermediate column Iliocostalis – lateral column –Deep layer – Semispinalis, Multifidus group, and rotators.

11. Muscles of the Spine – Superficial Layer Splenius Capitis Origin Insertion Function

12. Muscles of the Spine – Superficial Layer Splenius Cervicis Origin Insertion Function

13. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Medial Column Spinalis Capitis (1) Origin Insertion Function

14. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Medial Column Spinalis Cervicis Origin Insertion Function

15. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Medial Column Spinalis Thoracis (4) Origin Insertion Function

16. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Intermediate Column Longissimus Capitis Origin Insertion Function

17. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Intermediate Column Longissimus Cervicis Origin Insertion Function

18. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Intermediate Column Longissimus Thoracis Origin Insertion Function

19. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Lateral Column Iliocostalis Cervicis Origin Insertion Function

20. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Lateral Column Iliocostalis Thoracis Origin Insertion Function

21. Muscles of the Spine – Intermediate Layer, Lateral Column Iliocostalis Lumborum Origin Insertion Function

22. Muscles of the Spine – Deep Layer Semispinalis Capitis Origin Insertion Function

23. Muscles of the Spine – Deep Layer Semispinalis Cervicis Origin Insertion Function

24. Muscles of the Spine – Deep Layer Semispinalis Thoracis Origin Insertion Function

25. Muscles of the Spine – Deep Layer Mulitfidus Group Origin Insertion Function

26. Muscles of the Spine – Deep Layer Rotators Group Origin Insertion Function Deep to multifidus group

27. Anterior (Interior) Scalene Origin Insertion Function

28. Middle Scalene Origin Insertion Function

29. Posterior Scalene Origin Insertion Function

30. Postural Concerns

31. Postural Concerns - Lordosis Normal Curve Lordosis Curve

32. Postural Concerns - Scoliosis

33. Common Injuries Posterior Disc Bulge Brachial Plexus Injury Cervical Spine Injury

34. Posterior Disc Bulge Also known as a herniated disc Not common in younger athletes Numbness, tingling, and pain can occur Poor posture and body mechanics most likely cause Rehab to improve posture may relieve pain, but surgery may be necessary

35. Brachial Plexus Injury “Stinger” or “Burner” Three ways it can happen Common for football players “Cowboy” collar or neck rolls help prevent this May get numbness, tingling, burning sensation, and loss of strength/ROM. May return when symptom free, full strength, full ROM, and problem free evaluation by ATC or team physician

36. Cervical Spine Injury