1. Allocation Effects on Sustainability within a Solid Wood Chain A Case Study in South Scotland Stefania Pizzirani and Barry Gardiner, John Fonweban and Stephen Bathgate Forest Research Scotland

2. Ways to Allocate 1.Cut using Business As Usual practices (eg—wood products based on stem diameter) 3. Cut using Stand Level Allocation to achieve both the optimal range of products per tree and to satisfy market demand 2. Cut using Forest Level Allocation to meet consumer demand (eg—biofuel industry)

3. Business as usual Green sawlog: Diam >18cm at 6m Straightness ≥ 3 Red sawlog: Diam >18cm at 6m Straightness <3 Pallet: Diam 14-18cm at 6m Biomass: Diam <14cm at 6m Green sawlog Red sawlog

4. System developed for use in Sitka spruce Can be used to predict out-turn of “green” logs Stem Straightness Scoring

5. Stem Stiffness Scoring Tree level - ST300Log level - HM200

6. Stem Straightness and Stiffness Models

7. Premise for Allocation Study Sawlog Pallet Biofuel B.A.U.F.L.A. BF.L.A. PF.L.A. S Stand Level Allocation

8. Case Study in Southern Scotland

9. Time period of 30 years from 2005 119 ha in forest stand 3694 m 3 removed from thinnings 68349 m 3 removed from final fellings 72043 total m 3 removed 2782 trips to sawmills by 44 tonne trucks Assumed values: £35/m 3 green sawlog, £30/m 3 red sawlog, £25/m 3 pallet, £20/tonne biofuel

10. Processing Plants

11. Scenario 1 Business as Usual - 100% of sawlogs to Dumfries where 80% is Green log and 20% is re-allocated as Red log to Kirriemuir - 100% Red logs to Kirriemuir - 100% of Pallet to Lockerbie - Remainder as Biofuel to EON Lockerbie

12. Scenario 2 Forest Level Allocation Biofuel - 100% of forest allocated as Biofuel to EON Lockerbie

13. Scenario 3 Forest Level Allocation Pallet - All logs allocated as Pallet to Lockerbie - Remainder as Biofuel to EON Lockerbie

14. Scenario 4 Forest Level Allocation Sawlog - 100% of sawlogs to Dumfries where 80% is Green log and 20% is re-allocated as Red log to Kirriemuir - 100% Red logs to Kirriemuir - Remainder as Biofuel to EON Lockerbie

15. Scenario 5 Stand Level Allocation - 100% of Green logs to Dumfries - 100% of Red logs to Kirriemuir - 100% of Pallet to Lockerbie - 100% of Biofuel to EON Lockerbie

16. Craik Wind Risk

17. Craik Straightness

18. Indicator Results - GVA

19. Indicator Results – Employment

20. Indicator Results – Timber Miles

21. Indicator Results - GHG

22. Conclusions Results depend on end-user’s priorities This case study was a examination of how ToSIA might be applied at a stand level Allows the user to ‘play’ with the data to see how different scenarios may affect the outcome of various indicators Allocation only of value if price differentials significant The results are only as good as the input data – room for improvement Scenarios simplistic – room for refinement

23. Thank you!