1. The Romantic Era ( )
Romantic ≠ romantic (someone involved in romance)
Movement in not only music but also art, literature, poetry, politics, philosophy, etc….
Evolution of Classical Era, not innovative
Carries on Beethoven’s tradition
Stresses emotion, imagination and INDIVIDUALITY!

2. The Romantic Era (1820-1900) Emphasis on: Freedom of expression
Obsession with self
Autobiographical works
Nationalism
Middle and working class
Oliver Twist, Huckleberry Finn
The realm of fantasy and the Gothic
Frankenstein, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Edgar Allen Poe
Art that tells a story
Exoticism
Nature

3. The Cathedral of Notre Dame, 1164

4. London’s Parliament Building, 1850’s

5. Trinity Church, New York, 1846

8. Romanticism in Music Expansion Musical forms and structures Harmony
Ex: 90 minute Symphonies vs. 20 minute Symphonies
Harmony
Expansion and intensification of Dominant-Tonic (V-I) relationship for dramatic and expressive purposes
Dynamics
p=piano, pp=pianissimo; f=forte, ff=fortissimo
pppp, ppppp; ffff, fffff in romantic era

9. Romanticism in Music Composers with recognizable individual style
Elements include
Increased use of folk music
Nationalism
Program music
Exoticism
Heightened contrast and emotions
Middle-class audiences (no courts)
Virtuosi based on public persona

10. The Art Song Solo piece for voice and piano Lied= German text
Usually sets poetry

11. The Erlking by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
"Do you want to come with me, fine lad? My daughters should be waiting for you; My daughters lead the nightly dances And will rock and dance and sing you to sleep."
"My father, my father, can't you see there, The Erlking's daughters in the gloomy place?" "My son, my son, I see it well: The old willows seem so gray."
"I love you, your beautiful form entices me; And if you're not willing, I shall use force." "My father, my father, he's grabbing me now! The Erlking has wounded me!"
The father shudders; he rides swiftly, He holds in his arms the moaning child. Barely he arrives at the yard in urgency; In his arms, the child was dead.
Who rides, so late, through night and wind? It is the father with his child. He holds the boy in the crook of his arm He holds him safe, he keeps him warm.
"My son, why do you hide your face so anxiously?" "Father, do you not see the Erlking? The Erlking with crown and cloak?" "My son, it's a wisp of fog."
"You lovely child, come, go with me! Many a beautiful game I'll play with you; Some colorful flowers are on the shore, My mother has some golden robes."
"My father, my father, can't you hear, What the Erlking quietly promised me?" "Be calm, stay calm, my child; The wind rustles through dry leaves."