3.  The ability to compute efficiently and accurately with single-digit numbers (NCTM)

9.  Flash cards  Practice worksheets  Timed Tests  Instructional Sequence ◦x 1’s, x 2’s, x 3’s, x 4’s, etc.

13. Three main approaches (Van de Walle) :

14.  Drill

15. Three main approaches (Van de Walle) :  Drill  Teach a collection of strategies or thought patterns

16. Three main approaches (Van de Walle) :  Drill  Teach a collection of strategies or thought patterns  Focusing on number relationships and concepts

17. Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fluency Assessment Less than 3% of instructional time Timed Tests Fact Strategy Development Fact Strategy Development 30 - 40% of instructional time Doubles, Near-Doubles Fact Combinations to 10 Change Instructional Sequence (x2, x5, x1, x0, x10, x9, x4) Drill 15 - 20% of instructional time, appropriate after a student demonstrates flexibility on related facts Worksheet based fact practice or Flash Cards Fact fluency related games Flexibility with Number Relationships & Concepts 40 - 50% of instructional time Contextualizing math fact problems Creating arrays and drawing pictures Decomposing or Using Known Facts Using compensation strategies

18. Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fluency Assessment Less than 3% of instructional time Timed Tests Fact Strategy Development Fact Strategy Development 30 - 40% of instructional time Doubles, Near-Doubles Fact Combinations to 10 Change Instructional Sequence (x2, x5, x1, x0, x10, x9, x4) Drill 15 - 20% of instructional time, appropriate after a student demonstrates flexibility on related facts Worksheet based fact practice or Flash Cards Fact fluency related games

20.  Decomposing or Using Known Facts

34.  Contextualizing math fact problems

35.  Creating arrays and drawing pictures

36.  Contextualizing math fact problems  Creating arrays and drawing pictures  Using compensation strategies  Decomposing or using known facts

37. Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fluency Assessment Less than 3% of instructional time Timed Tests Drill 15 - 20% of instructional time, appropriate after a student demonstrates flexibility on related facts Worksheet based fact practice or Flash Cards Fact fluency related games Flexibility with Number Relationships & Concepts 40 - 50% of instructional time Contextualizing math fact problems Creating arrays and drawing pictures Decomposing or Using Known Facts Using compensation strategies

40.  Counting All

41.  Counting On (+1 and +2)

42.  Counting All  Counting On (+1 and +2)  Fact Combinations of 10

43.  Counting All  Counting On (+1 and +2)  Fact Combinations of 10  Doubles

44.  Counting All  Counting On (+1 and +2)  Fact Combinations of 10  Doubles  Near Doubles

45.  Counting All  Counting On (+1 and +2)  Fact Combinations of 10  Doubles  Near Doubles  Decomposing Facts ◦Make Ten ◦Compensation

46. …does not allow for students to build understanding of fact relationships and does not help with retention.

47.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)

48.  Fives  Fives (x5)

49.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)  Fives  Fives (x5)  Zeros and Ones  Zeros and Ones (x0 & x1)

50.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)  Fives  Fives (x5)  Zeros and Ones  Zeros and Ones (x0 & x1)  Tens  Tens (x10)

51.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)  Fives  Fives (x5)  Zeros and Ones  Zeros and Ones (x0 & x1)  Tens  Tens (x10)  Nines  Nines (x9)

52.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)  Fives  Fives (x5)  Zeros and Ones  Zeros and Ones (x0 & x1)  Tens  Tens (x10)  Nines  Nines (x9)  Fours  Fours (x4)

53.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)  Fives  Fives (x5)  Zeros and Ones  Zeros and Ones (x0 & x1)  Tens  Tens (x10)  Nines  Nines (x9)  Fours  Fours (x4)  Square Numbers  Square Numbers (3x3, 4x4, 5x5, etc.)

54.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)  Fives  Fives (x5)  Zeros and Ones  Zeros and Ones (x0 & x1)  Tens  Tens (x10)  Nines  Nines (x9)  Fours  Fours (x4)  Square Numbers  Square Numbers (3x3, 4x4, 5x5, etc.)  Remaining Facts

55.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)  Fives  Fives (x5)  Zeros and Ones  Zeros and Ones (x0 & x1)  Tens  Tens (x10)  Nines  Nines (x9)  Fours  Fours (x4)  Square Numbers  Square Numbers (3x3, 4x4, 5x5, etc.)  Remaining Facts

56.  Doubles  Doubles (x2)  Fives  Fives (x5)  Zeros and Ones  Zeros and Ones (x0 & x1)  Tens  Tens (x10)  Nines  Nines (x9)  Fours  Fours (x4)  Square Numbers  Square Numbers (3x3, 4x4, 5x5, etc.)  Remaining Facts

59. 8 + 2 = 10 7 – 2 = 5 10 + 5 = 15

60. 8 + 2 = 10 7 – 2 = 5 10 + 5 = 15 8 + 2 + 5 10 + 5 = 15

61. 8 + 2 = 10 7 – 2 = 5 10 + 5 = 15 8 + 2 + 5 = 15 10 + 5 = 15 1 + 7 + 7 = 15 1 + 14 = 15

62. District created resources:  Fact Fluency Newsletter  Practice worksheets organized around strategy development  Textbook alignment to specific strategies for SFAW and Investigations for additional information & resources  Informational sheets with strategy examples and practice ideas

63. Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fluency Assessment Less than 3% of instructional time Timed Tests Fact Strategy Development Fact Strategy Development 30 - 40% of instructional time Doubles, Near-Doubles Fact Combinations to 10 Change Instructional Sequence (x2, x5, x1, x0, x10, x9, x4) Flexibility with Number Relationships & Concepts 40 - 50% of instructional time Contextualizing math fact problems Creating arrays and drawing pictures Decomposing or Using Known Facts Using compensation strategies

64. Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fact Fluency Instructional Flow Fact Strategy Development Fact Strategy Development 30 - 40% of instructional time Doubles, Near-Doubles Fact Combinations to 10 Change Instructional Sequence (x2, x5, x1, x0, x10, x9, x4) Drill 15 - 20% of instructional time, appropriate after a student demonstrates flexibility on related facts Worksheet based fact practice or Flash Cards Fact fluency related games Flexibility with Number Relationships & Concepts 40 - 50% of instructional time Contextualizing math fact problems Creating arrays and drawing pictures Decomposing or Using Known Facts Using compensation strategies