1. Assessing and Teaching Students with Mild/Moderate Disabilities Chapter 1 IEP Legal Requirements Writing PLOPs

2. Legislation Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Section 504) Education of all Handicapped Act of 1975 - PL 94-142 (Access) Reauthorized in 1986, 1990 (became IDEA), 1997, 2004 (became IDEIA, brought into line with NCLB) ADA - PL 101-476 (1990) Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

3. Categories of Disabilities that Qualify for Service  specific learning disabilities  speech or language impairments  cognitive disabilities (EMR, DH)  emotional disturbance  multiple disabilities  hearing impairments  orthopedic impairments Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.  other health impairments (ADD can fit this category)  visual impairments  autism  deaf-blindness  traumatic brain injury  deafness  developmental delays (preschool)

4. Characteristics of Students at Risk for Failure disabilities poverty limited family support cultural differences language differences excessive absenteeism substance abuse mental or physical health issues Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

5. Prominent Values in American Schools vs Values of Culturally Diverse Groups

6. Cognitive Characteristics of Students with Learning Problems cognitive and metacognitive deficits low academic achievement poor memory and/or comprehension attention problems and hyperactivity perceptual disorders (auditory, visual) development of one or more “defense mechanisms” frequently “right brained” Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

7. Behavioral Characteristics of Students with Learning Problems adaptive behavior deficits disruptive behavior withdrawal Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

8. Individualized Instruction enables students to work on appropriate tasks or content under conditions that motivate. does not imply that all students receive one- to-one instruction. tailors daily instruction to students’ unique educational needs. can occur within various educational arrangements: classroom, resource room, tutoring matches the learner, the task, and instructional interventions. Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

9. What is special education? Specialized instruction Methodology, content, tasks geared to unique needs of SWD Can be delivered in regular classroom, special classroom or building Students require specialized instruction that cannot be delivered in the regular ed setting without special education aids, supports, or services

10. Basic Educational Rights for Students with Disabilities nondiscriminatory evaluation right to a free and appropriate education (FAPE) least restrictive environment (LRE) provision of supplementary aid and services access to general education curriculum a word about confidentiality Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

11. Components of an IEP Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Demographics Vision Statement of Present Levels (PLOPs) Long term goals (benchmarks/objectives) Transition (age 14 and up) Services and Accommodations Least Restrictive Environment Testing Participation/Accommodations Assistive Technology Signatures

12. Computer Applications in IEP Management Create new IEPs Monitor procedural guidelines. Update records. Analyze and interpret data. Monitor academic progress. Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

13. Source: From Student with Learning Disabilities (p. 213) 6th ed., by C. D. Mercer and P.C. Pullen, 2005, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall. Copyright 2005 by Pearson Education. Reprinted by permission. Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

14. Rationale for REI Regular Education Initiative – Civil rights issue Some students with learning or behavioral problems may need special services but not qualify to receive them. Special education system leads to stigmatization of students. In special education, the emphasis is on failure rather than on prevention. Special education system does not lead to cooperative school–parent relationships. (Will, 1986)

15. Problem-Solving Stages for Collaborative Consultation Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.goal/entry 2. problem identification 3. intervention recommendations 4. implementation/ recommendations 5. evaluation 6. redesign

16. Team Approaches to Increase Consultation Time teacher assistance teams (TAT) intervention assistance teams coaching/mentoring peer collaboration (PLCs) cooperative teaching modified block scheduling Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

17. Components of Successful Conferences establishing rapport obtaining pertinent information providing information collaborating with parents summarizing the conference and planning follow-up activities evaluating the conference keep focus on the student – we all want what is best Cecil D. Mercer and Ann R. Mercer Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 7e Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.