1. Disability and Special Education

2. Focus Questions

3. 1. What does it mean to have a disability or handicap?

4. Focus Questions 1. What does it mean to have a disability or handicap? 2. What are the fundamental tenets of special education?

5. Focus Questions 1. What does it mean to have a disability or handicap? 2. What are the fundamental tenets of special education? 3. Why did the federal government and the public call for national intervention?

6. Focus Questions 1. What does it mean to have a disability or handicap? 2. What are the fundamental tenets of special education? 3. Why did the federal government and the public call for national intervention? 4. What are some defining features of special education?

7. Historical Context Modern special education emerged from four broad areas

8. Historical Context Modern special education emerged from four broad areas  The study of human development and learning (biology, psychology, education, and sociology)

9. Historical Context Modern special education emerged from four broad areas  The study of human development and learning (biology, psychology, education, and sociology)  The influence of parents and self advocates

10. Historical Context Modern special education emerged from four broad areas  The study of human development and learning (biology, psychology, education, and sociology)  The influence of parents and self advocates  The influence of professional organizations (1990s CEC)

11. Historical Context Modern special education emerged from four broad areas  The study of human development and learning (biology, psychology, education, and sociology)  The influence of parents and self advocates  The influence of professional organizations (1990s CEC)  Legislation and litigation

12. Historical Context Major changes came about at the close of the civil rights movement in the late 60s and early 70s

13. Historical Context Major changes came about at the close of the civil rights movement in the late 60s and early 70s  which led eventually to closing state institutions (Willowbrook)Willowbrook

14. Historical Context Major changes came about at the close of the civil rights movement in the late 60s and early 70s  which led eventually to closing state institutions (Willowbrook)Willowbrook  1975 law required public schools to serve the population.

15. Language and Sensitivity Two basic rules:  Put people first  Do not make the person equal the disability

16. Perspectives on Disability How we define disability guides our approach to teaching

17. Perspectives on Disability How we define disability guides our approach to teaching 1. Deficit perspective Line everyone up based on some trait, exceptional means “deviating widely from a norm” Low end of the distribution might be disabled

18. Perspectives on Disability How we define disability guides our approach to teaching 1. Deficit perspective Line everyone up based on some trait, exceptional means “deviating widely from a norm” Low end of the distribution might be disabled 2. Sociological perspective Disability is socially derived

19. Defining Special Education The US Department of Education holds, special education is,

20. Defining Special Education The US Department of Education holds, special education is, “Specially designed instruction, at no cost to the parent, to meet the unique need of a child with a disability, including instruction conducted in the classroom, in the home, in hospitals and institutions, and in other settings…” (IDEA, 2004).

21. IDEA 2004 The federal established a set of categories IDEA 2004, Part B. Page 46756 of the Federal Register 71.156 (page 218 of the PDF) details who is eligible for special education services (See 300.8 (a), (b), and (c).

22. IDEA 2004 The federal established a set of categories IDEA 2004, Part B. Page 46756 of the Federal Register 71.156 (page 218 of the PDF) details who is eligible for special education services (See 300.8 (a), (b), and (c). Assignment:  Prepare a cheat sheet of the categories.  1-2 sentences describing each disability category.  Put your names at the top, and hand in when complete.

23. Federal Disability Categories (IDEA 300.8) 1. Developmental delay 2. Autism 3. Deaf-blindness 4. Deafness 5. Emotional disturbance 6. Hearing impairment 7. Mental retardation 8. Multiple-disabilities 9. Orthopedic impairment 10. Other health impairment 11. Specific learning disability 12. Speech or language 13. Traumatic brain injury 14. Visual impairment

27. Special Education Students by Age (CA 2006)

29. (6) Defining Features of Special Education

30. 1. Free appropriate public education (FAPE)

31. (6) Defining Features of Special Education 1. Free appropriate public education (FAPE) 2. Due Process

32. (6) Defining Features of Special Education 1. Free appropriate public education (FAPE) 2. Due Process 3. Individualized education program (IEP)

33. (6) Defining Features of Special Education 1. Free appropriate public education (FAPE) 2. Due Process 3. Individualized education program (IEP) 4. Least restrictive environment (LRE)

34. (6) Defining Features of Special Education 1. Free appropriate public education (FAPE) 2. Due Process 3. Individualized education program (IEP) 4. Least restrictive environment (LRE) 5. Testing

35. (6) Defining Features of Special Education 1. Free appropriate public education (FAPE) 2. Due Process 3. Individualized education program (IEP) 4. Least restrictive environment (LRE) 5. Testing 6. Related services