1. Oxidation-Reduction Oxidation literally means to react with oxygen. Oxidation literally means to react with oxygen. Example:2Mg + O 2 2MgO Example:2Mg + O 2 2MgO Reduction literally means to remove oxygen. Reduction literally means to remove oxygen. Example: Example: 2Fe 2 O 3 + 3C 4Fe + 3CO 2

2. Oxidation-Reduction Rapid oxidation is called combustion. Rapid oxidation is called combustion. Slow oxidation is called corrosion. Slow oxidation is called corrosion.

3. Oxidation-Reduction In addition, the terms oxidation and reduction are applied to any reaction in which there is a gain or loss of electrons. In addition, the terms oxidation and reduction are applied to any reaction in which there is a gain or loss of electrons.

4. Oxidation-Reduction OIL RIG OIL RIG Oxidation is Loss (of electrons) Oxidation is Loss (of electrons) Reduction is Gain (of electrons) Reduction is Gain (of electrons) LEO, the lion, says GER LEO, the lion, says GER Loss of Electrons is Oxidation Gain of Electrons is Reduction

5. Oxidation-Reduction When a substance is oxidized, the charge goes UP When a substance is oxidized, the charge goes UP Example:Na o Na + Example:Na o Na + When a substance is reduced, the charge goes DOWN When a substance is reduced, the charge goes DOWN Example:Cl 2 o 2Cl - Example:Cl 2 o 2Cl -

6. Oxidizing Agent The oxidizing agent is the substance which is being reduced. (It gains electrons, goes down in charge, or may have oxygen to lose.) The oxidizing agent is the substance which is being reduced. (It gains electrons, goes down in charge, or may have oxygen to lose.) Example: Example: MnO 4 - + 8 H + + 5 e - Mn 2+ +4 H 2 O MnO 4 - + 8 H + + 5 e - Mn 2+ +4 H 2 O

7. Reducing Agent The reducing agent is the substance being oxidized. (It loses electrons, goes up in charge, or may gain oxygen.) The reducing agent is the substance being oxidized. (It loses electrons, goes up in charge, or may gain oxygen.) Example: Example: Fe o Fe 2+ + 2e-