1. Christianity and the Medieval Mind (ca. 1000–1300)
Chapter 12
Christianity and the Medieval Mind
(ca. 1000–1300)

2. The Christian Way of Life and Death
Personal salvation through church sacraments
Administered through the clergy
Seven sacraments
Baptism
Confirmation
Ordination
Matrimony
Penance
Eucharist
Extreme unction
Purgatory – an intermediate realm of the soul just after death for levels of punishment
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3. The Literature of Mysticism
Didactic religious literature
Served to teach and instruct versus visionary literature
Hildegard of Bingen
The leading mystic of the twelfth century, a Benedictine abbess and scholar who produced a prodigious amount of visionary literature
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Sermon Literature
Pope Innocent III, On the Misery of the Human Condition
Considered the classic standard medieval sermon focusing on the sinfulness of humankind and the terrors of Hell
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5. The Medieval Morality Play
Open-air theaters adjacent to the cathedral
Mystery play, miracle play, morality play
Everyman – example of medieval morality play in which the inherent evil of humankind is the focus
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Dante’s Divine Comedy
Divine promise of deliverance and eternal bliss
Spiritual pilgrimage of the Christian soul
Aristotelian divisions of the human psyche
Reason
Will
Love
Sacred numerology and symbolism
The “Inferno”
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The Medieval Church
The church as a political institution
The College of Cardinals
The Curia
The Camera
The Inquisition
Established in 1233, this was a special court designed to stamp out heresy
The rise of mendicant orders
Franciscans, Dominicans, Benedictines, etc.
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8. The Medieval University
Liberal Arts curriculum
Bachelor of arts, master of arts, and doctoral degrees
First university: Bologna in 1159
University of Paris became intellectual melting pot of the medieval West
Education was for men only
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9. Medieval Scholasticism
Aristotle – translated versions of the Greek philosopher filtered down into the hands of the medieval universalities, challenging some basic beliefs
Peter Abelard
Teacher at the University of Paris, supporting the freedom to question authority
Thomas Aquinas
Considered the greatest of the medieval thinkers; produced many works on many issues
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