1. Chapter#16 Safety and Health

2. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970 Mission: to ensure safe and healthful workplaces in America. Mission: to ensure safe and healthful workplaces in America. Workplace fatalities cut in one half Workplace fatalities cut in one half Injuries and illness cut by 40% Injuries and illness cut by 40% AT THE SAME TIME US EMPLOYMENTHAS DOUBLED FROM 56 MILLION WORKERS TO 111 MILLION WORKERS AT THE SAME TIME US EMPLOYMENTHAS DOUBLED FROM 56 MILLION WORKERS TO 111 MILLION WORKERS

3. Covers ers with more than 11 ees STAFF OF 2,303, OF THOSE ARE 1,123 INSPECTORS STAFF OF 2,303, OF THOSE ARE 1,123 INSPECTORS Budget 434 million Budget 434 million Job related injuries cost business 127.7 billion Job related injuries cost business 127.7 billion

4. Stats 6026 die yearly 6026 die yearly 6.2 million accidents 6.2 million accidents Accident rate 6.3/100 ees yrly Accident rate 6.3/100 ees yrly 862,200 illnesses 862,200 illnesses

5. OSHA’s three strategies Strong, fair and effective enforcement Strong, fair and effective enforcement Outreach education and Compliance assistance Outreach education and Compliance assistance Partnerships and voluntary programs Partnerships and voluntary programs

6. Inspections 2002 37,493 inspections in 2002 37,493 inspections in 2002 21,347 were in construction 21,347 were in construction 8,270 were in manufacturing 8,270 were in manufacturing 7,750 in all other industries 7,750 in all other industries

7. The following violations were categorized 416 Willfull $11,799,00 (fines) 416 Willfull $11,799,00 (fines) 54,842 Serious $ 48,312,000 54,842 Serious $ 48,312,000 1,969Repeat $7,700,00 1,969Repeat $7,700,00 On purpose On purpose Er should have known Er should have known Failure to correct Failure to correct

8. Record keeping #431 1,000$ per incident fine 1,000$ per incident fine Records must be kept Records must be kept Occupational illnesses Occupational illnesses Occupational injuries Occupational injuries Recorded in detail Recorded in detail

9. HR Inspections When accidents occur HR must conduct investigations on injured and any witnesses When accidents occur HR must conduct investigations on injured and any witnesses

10. OSHA inspections Standards are enforced through inspections. Standards are enforced through inspections. With er consent With er consent With warrants With warrants First priorities: imminent danger First priorities: imminent danger Within 24 hours response Within 24 hours response Second priority: injuries that have already occurred. Second priority: injuries that have already occurred. Within 3 working days response Within 3 working days response Third Priority: complaints Third Priority: complaints 20 working days response 20 working days response

11. The inspection itself Officers come to site Officers come to site Shows credentials Shows credentials Explains scope of inspection Explains scope of inspection Ee cannot be penalized for talking to OHSA by er. Ee cannot be penalized for talking to OHSA by er. EEs get to read reports EEs get to read reports

12. Citations After visit inspections OSHA holds closing conference. After visit inspections OSHA holds closing conference. May issue citations May issue citations Can issues penalties Can issues penalties 5,000 TO 70,000$ 5,000 TO 70,000$ CITATIONS CAN BE APPEALED BY ER CITATIONS CAN BE APPEALED BY ER

13. What should HR do when OSHA comes? Refer inspector to OSHA coordinator. Refer inspector to OSHA coordinator. Check credentials Check credentials Ask reason for inspection Ask reason for inspection Show your records Show your records Walk with inspector as they tour the facility Walk with inspector as they tour the facility

14. ER can not discriminating against ees who complain. ER can not discriminating against ees who complain. Er must comply Er must comply Er remains liable for injuries even upon noncompliance by ees or by ee resistance. Er remains liable for injuries even upon noncompliance by ees or by ee resistance.

15. What causes accidents Unsafe conditions Unsafe conditions Improper or defective equipment Improper or defective equipment Unsafe storage Unsafe storage Poor light Poor light Poor ventilations Poor ventilations Unsafe Acts Unsafe Acts Throwing tools Throwing tools Not using safety gear Not using safety gear Improper lifting Improper lifting

16. How to reduce unsafe acts Praise safety Praise safety Listen to ees Listen to ees Better selection Better selection Provide training Provide training Bilingual training Bilingual training Identify unsafe behaviors Identify unsafe behaviors Conduct regular inspections Conduct regular inspections Off work safety programs Off work safety programs

17. EE Health Problems 70% of illicit drug users work full time 70% of illicit drug users work full time 50% of all problem ees are actually alcoholics 50% of all problem ees are actually alcoholics Cost to firm is $7,000 per ee per year Cost to firm is $7,000 per ee per year

18. What are the clues? Tardiness Tardiness Quits early Quits early Borrows money Borrows money Too much time off Too much time off Late back from lunch Late back from lunch

19. Drug Free Workplace Act Requirements Publish policies about drug in workplace Publish policies about drug in workplace Awareness programs Awareness programs Get ees to report to report any drug related activities as a condition of employment Get ees to report to report any drug related activities as a condition of employment

20. US Dept of Transportation Requirements Random testing Random testing Preemployment testing Preemployment testing Post accident testing Post accident testing Reasonable suspicion Reasonable suspicion

21. How to reduce ers legal risks Publish all policies in handbooks. Publish all policies in handbooks. Bulletin boards Bulletin boards Describe testing procedures Describe testing procedures

22. Oklahoma Drug Laws Recent Changes Ok law is the most restrictive in US Ok law is the most restrictive in US YOU MUST HAVE DETAILED WRITTEN POLICY YOU MUST HAVE DETAILED WRITTEN POLICY LIST ALL DRUGS LIST ALL DRUGS Cannaboids Cannaboids Opiates Opiates Cocaine Cocaine Amphetamines Amphetamines PCP PCP Barbiturates Barbiturates Meth Meth Propoxyphene Propoxyphene

23. If the drug you test for is not listed you’re your policy you can not discipline If the drug you test for is not listed you’re your policy you can not discipline

24. Onsite testing New law New law No longer need to use licensed facility.. Can test on site with kits approved by FDA No longer need to use licensed facility.. Can test on site with kits approved by FDA

25. Your policy must inform ee of the following All applicants in same category will be tested after offer is extended. All applicants in same category will be tested after offer is extended. Reasonable suspicion Reasonable suspicion Random periodic and post rehabilitation Random periodic and post rehabilitation Post accident Post accident

26. $500.00 THRESHOLD Post accident ONLY is damage is greater than $500.00 AND reasonable suspicion Post accident ONLY is damage is greater than $500.00 AND reasonable suspicion Property or personal injury Property or personal injury

27. Aids All those who have relations with AIDS victim are covered under ADA. All those who have relations with AIDS victim are covered under ADA. All employment records must be kept in complete confidence. All employment records must be kept in complete confidence.

28. You can refuse to hire if: Effects safety of others. Effects safety of others. Disease makes individual incapable of performing job Disease makes individual incapable of performing job

29. Aids policy Aids treated same as any other illness Aids treated same as any other illness You must provide reasonable accommodation so long as the ee is otherwise qualified to perform essential job duties. You must provide reasonable accommodation so long as the ee is otherwise qualified to perform essential job duties. Job restructuring Job restructuring Job reassignment Job reassignment Modified work schedules Modified work schedules Extended medical leave Extended medical leave Time off for treatment Time off for treatment

30. Job Stress and burnout Reduce hostile work environments Reduce hostile work environments Limit overloads Limit overloads Realistic deadlines Realistic deadlines

31. 4 major sources of occupational respiratory disease Asbestos Asbestos Silica Silica Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide Lead Lead Workplace smoking Workplace smoking Each ee smoker costs er between Each ee smoker costs er between $2,000 and $5,000 yearly. $2,000 and $5,000 yearly. Second hand smoke causes 3,000 deaths per year and 35,000 to 62,000 illnesses due to heart problems Second hand smoke causes 3,000 deaths per year and 35,000 to 62,000 illnesses due to heart problems

32. Workplace violence Second biggest cause of fatal injuries on the job most due to robberies Second biggest cause of fatal injuries on the job most due to robberies 1,000 murders 1,000 murders 1.5 million assaults 1.5 million assaults Bullying, hostile work environments costs 180 billion yearly Bullying, hostile work environments costs 180 billion yearly

33. OHSA compliance is required for firms with more than ___ ee. OHSA compliance is required for firms with more than ___ ee. A, 20 A, 20 B. 11 B. 11 C. 15 C. 15

34. Number 1 cause of workplace deaths is A. Homicides A. Homicides B. Accidents B. Accidents C. Hostile environments C. Hostile environments

35. Job related injuries cost US business ___ yearly A. 127 billion A. 127 billion B. 56 billion B. 56 billion C. 150 billion C. 150 billion

36. There are ____ per 100 ees workplace accidents yearly A. 9.4 A. 9.4 B. 12 B. 12 C. 6.3 C. 6.3

37. OSHA’s three strategies are enforcement, ___ and partnerships A. citations A. citations B. Injunctions B. Injunctions C. education C. education

38. By far the most inspections made were in the ____ industry A. Fishing A. Fishing B. Farming B. Farming C. Construction C. Construction

39. The next step after an inspection is performed is a ____. A. Conference with management A. Conference with management B. Record keeping B. Record keeping C. Citation writing C. Citation writing

40. What causes accidents? A. Unsafe acts and conditions A. Unsafe acts and conditions B. Unsafe conditions and ees B. Unsafe conditions and ees C. Unsafe conditions and ers. C. Unsafe conditions and ers.

41. ____% of drug users work full time A. 90 A. 90 B. 50 B. 50 C. 70 C. 70

42. ____% of all problem ees are alcoholics. A. 70 A. 70 B. 30 B. 30 C. 50 C. 50

43. 4 major causes of illness on the job are lead, carbon monoxide, workplace smoking and _____ A. Asbestos A. Asbestos B. Opium B. Opium C. Silica C. Silica

44. Smokers can cost a firm up to ____ yearly A. $2000 A. $2000 B. $10,000 B. $10,000 C. $ 5,000 C. $ 5,000

45. Second hand smokes causes ___ deaths yearly. A. 1000 A. 1000 B. 9000 B. 9000 C. 3000 C. 3000