1. The Non-proteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria
G- bacteria not closely related to Proteobacteria
Includes several photosynthetic bacteria
oxygenic and anoxygenic

2. Taxonomy of photosynthetic gram negative, non-proteobacteria:
Cyanobacteria, Chlorobi (green sulfur) and Chloroflexi (green non-sulfur)
Gram negative, Proteobacteria
Purple sulfur bacteria (alpha) and purple non-sulfur bacteria (gamma)

3. Cyanobacteria Blue-green “algae” Unicellular, filamentous or colonial
Gliding motility or gas vacuoles
Adaptable to nutrient poor environments
Fix nitrogen (heterocysts) and CO2

4. Cyanobacteria

5. Oxygenic photosynthesis
May be responsible for oxygenating atmosphere
light
2H2O + CO2
(CH2O) + H2O + O2

6. Green (Chlorobi) and purple (Proteobacteria) sulfur bacteria
Anoxygenic photosynthesis
produces sulfur rather than oxygen
light
2H2S + CO2
(CH2O) + H2O + 2S0

7. Green (Chloroflexi) and purple (Proteobacteria) non-sulfur bacteria
Anoxygenic photosynthesis
Use organic compounds to reduce carbon dioxide
Don’t release oxygen or sulfur as by-product

8. Chlamydiae Chlamydia and Chlamydophila gram (-) coccoid
Collectively called the chlamydias
gram (-) coccoid
Obligate intra-cellular pathogens
Transmitted by direct contact or airborne
Distinguished by complex life cycle

9. Unique life cycle with two cellular forms
Elementary body is infectious stage (extracellular)
Reticulate body is reproductive stage (intracellular)

10. Chlamydia trachomatis
Leading cause of preventable blindness
STDs
Nongonococcal urethritis -most common STD in US
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
mild form on pneumonia
Chlamydophila psittaci
psittacosis or ornothosis
transmitted by birds

11. Spirochetes Coiled morphology like a metal spring Axial filaments
Treponema – causes syphilis
Borrelia – Lyme disease transmitted by ticks or lice
Leptospira – Leptospirosis from urine contaminated water

12. Bacteroidetes Prevotella Cytophaga Anaerobic rods
Common inhabitant of human mouth
Cytophaga
gliding motility
degrades cellulose and chitin in soil

13. Bacteroides non-motile found in gingival crevices and large intestine
1 billion/gram of feces
Frequently recovered from deep tissue infections
Infections usually caused by puncture wounds or surgery

14. Fusobacteria Fusobacterium Anerobic
Often pleomorphic may be spindle shaped
Fusobacterium
Slender pointed rods
Found in gingival crevices
May be involved in dental abscesses

15. Planctomycetes Budding bacteria that blurs line between cell type
Planctomyces
Aquatic stalked bacteria with no PTG in cell wall
Gemmata
Double membrane around DNA

16. Deinococcus
Includes only two species resistant to extreme environments
Deinococcus radiodurans
Thermus aquaticus