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Naming Binary Compounds
Nomenclature Part 1 Naming Binary Compounds
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Naming Compounds…Why? How many compounds are currently known?
With 4 million known compounds, is it convenient to have to memorize their names? We have rules for naming compounds so that they can all be named generically. By naming them all at once, we don’t have to memorize the names of any!
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Naming Binary Compounds
Binary Compounds are compounds composed of only two elements… There are 4 types of Binary Compounds: Binary Ionic Compounds (Type I) Binary Ionic Compounds (Type II) Binary Covalent Compounds Acids (to be discussed later)
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What is a Binary Ionic Compound?
Binary Ionic Compounds are made of a cation and an anion joined together in an ionic bond. They are held together by magnetic attraction. When a metal combines with a nonmetal, the resultant compound is always a binary ionic compound. The cation can be a main group metal, a transition metal, or a polyatomic ion. The anion can be a main group nonmetal, or a polyatomic ion. There are two types, which are distinguished by the type of cation.
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Type I Binary Ionic Compounds
Type I Binary Ionic Compounds are made of a metal that forms only one cation, and an anion. The cation is named first. Metal cations are named using their atomic names. In general, groups 1, 2, and 3 form only one cation. The anion is named second. Remember to drop the ending of the anion’s atomic name and add the suffix –ide.
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Practice: Name the following Type I Binary Ionic Compounds
NaCl BaO CaS KI CsBr SrCl2 Li2Se Mg3P2 Sodium Chloride Barium Oxide Calcium Sulfide Potassium Iodide Cesium Bromide Strontium Chloride Lithium Selenide Magnesium Phosphide
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Type II Binary Ionic Compounds
Type II binary ionic compounds are made up of a metal that forms more than one cation (transition and rare earth), and an anion. The cation is named first. Metal cations are named using their atomic names. The charge of the cation is indicated in roman numerals in parenthesis. This is necessary because these metals form more than one cation, and we need to know which one it is. The anion is named last. Remember to drop the ending of the anion’s atomic name and add the suffix –ide.
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Practice: Name the following Type II Binary Ionic Compounds
FeCl2 CuBr HgO Fe2O3 MnO2 PbCl4 FeBr3 Co3P2 Iron (II) Chloride Copper (I) Bromide Mercury (II) Oxide Iron (III) Oxide Manganese (IV) Oxide Lead (IV) Chloride Iron (III) Bromide Cobalt (II) Phosphide
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Binary Covalent Compounds
Type III Get through Part I notes Exit quiz today on BCC HW: Pg 132 # 21, 22, 23, 34 due Tues
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What is a Binary Covalent Compound?
Binary Covalent Compounds are made up of two different nonmetals. There are no ions present in the compound. Atoms are bonded covalently, by sharing electrons. Binary Covalent Compounds are named using a system of numeric prefixes.
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The Numeric Prefixes 1 – mono- 2 – di- 3 – tri- 4 – tetra- 5 – penta-
6 – hexa- 7 – hepta- 8 – octa- 9 – nona- 10 – deca-
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Naming Binary Covalent Compounds
The first element is named first. The elements atomic name is used. The second element is named second. This element is named as if it were an anion. Remember to drop the ending of the anion’s atomic name and add the suffix –ide. The number of each atom present in the compound is represented by a numeric prefix. (mono, di, tri, …) The prefix mono is NOT used in naming the first element in the compound.
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Practice: Name the following Binary Covalent Compounds
BF3 NO NO2 N2O N2O5 CCl4 SO2 IF5 Boron Trifluoride Nitrogen Monoxide Nitrogen Dioxide Dinitrogen Monoxide Dinitrogen Pentoxide Carbon Tetrachloride Sulfur Dioxide Iodine Pentafluoride
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Naming Binary Compounds: Summary
Yes Yes Metal Present? Does the metal form more than one cation? No No Yes BCC – Use Prefixes BIC – Type I, No Roman Numerals BIC – Type II, Use Roman Numerals
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Practice: Name the following Binary Compounds
CuO SrO B2O3 TiCl4 K2S OF2 NH3 Copper (II) Oxide Strontium Oxide Diboron Trioxide Titanium (IV) Chloride Potassium Sulfide Oxygen Difluoride Nitrogen Trihydride Ammonia
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Practice: Name the following Binary Compounds
ClF3 VF5 CuCl MnO2 MgO H2O Chlorine Trifluoride Vanadium (V) Fluoride Cupper (I) Chloride Manganese (IV) Oxide Magnesium Monoxide Dihydrogen Monoxide Water
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