1. 9.4 Naming & Writing Acids Chapter 9

2. 9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids Acid – a compound that has one or more hydrogen atoms and produces hydrogen ions (H + ) in solution The basic formula is Three rules for naming 1.When the anion (X) does not have Oxygen in it a. The name begins with hydro b. The anion’s name ends in –ic c. And the word acid is added to the end HnXHnX HCl Hydro ClHydrochloricHydrochloric Acid

3. Starter S-78 Name A.N 2 O 3 B.SO 3 C.HF Give the Formula A.Dihydrogen monoxide B.Carbon Monoxide

4. 9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids 2. When the anion (X) does have Oxygen and the polyatomic ion ends in -ite a. Use the name of the anion, but change the ending to –ous b. Add the word acid H 2 SO 3 SulfurousSulfurous Acid

5. 9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids 3. When the anion (X) does have Oxygen and the polyatomic ion ends in -ate a. Use the name of the anion, but change the ending to –ic b. Add the word acid H 2 SO 4 SulfuricSulfuric Acid Oxygen? NOYES --ous acid Ending of Polyatomic Ion? -ite -ate Hydro—ic acid --ic acid

6. 9.3 Naming & Writing Molecular Compounds Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 HClO 3 Chloric Acid HCN Hydrocyanic Acid HNO 3 Nitric Acid HClO 2 Chlorous Acid

7. 9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids To write the formulas, we go backwards through our list Acids always have an H+ ion Hydro means no Oxygen – so Fluoric means Fluoride Hydrofluoric Acid Oxygen? NOYES --ous acid Ending of Polyatomic Ion? -ite -ate Hydro—ic acid --ic acid H + Hydrofluoric AcidH + F - HF

8. 9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids To write the formulas, we go backwards through our list Acids always have an H+ ion ous means the ion ended in ite, so phosphite Phosphorous Acid Oxygen? NOYES --ous acid Ending of Polyatomic Ion? -ite -ate Hydro—ic acid --ic acid H + Phosphorous Acid H + PO 3 -3 H 3 PO 3

9. 9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids To write the formulas, we go backwards through our list Acids always have an H+ ion ic means the ion ended in ate, so phosphate Phosphoric Acid Oxygen? NOYES --ous acid Ending of Polyatomic Ion? -ite -ate Hydro—ic acid --ic acid H 3 PO 4

10. 9.3 Naming & Writing Molecular Compounds Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Hydroiodic Acid HI Acetic Acid HC 2 H 3 O 2 Hypochlorous AcidHClO Carbonic AcidH 2 CO 3

11. 9.5 The Laws Governing Formulas and Names Chapter 9

12. 9.5 The Laws Governing Formulas and Names The Law of Definite Proportions – in any chemical compound, the masses of the elements are always in the same proportion The ratio of this molecule is always Or (Same Ratio) Carbon:Hydrogen2.98:1:001:00:0.34

13. 9.5 The Laws Governing Formulas and Names The Law of Multiple Proportions – Whenever the same two elements form multiple compounds, the different masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small whole numbers Huh? For example one compound A second compound might be The ratio of the two masses would be 5g A 2g B 10g A 2g B