1. Labour Force Survey By Munir Ahamd Aslam Director FBS Presentation on FBS – May, 2006

2. LABOUR FORCE SURVEY Introduction The Federal Bureau of Statistics has been conducting Labour Force Survey (LFS) since 1963, more or less, on annual basis. The last annual survey was held for 2003- 04. A “Panel on Labour Statistics” comprised of all stakeholders reviews LFS questionnaire/ methodology in line with international standards.

3. LABOUR FORCE SURVEY Improvements The Survey’s questionnaire was revised in 1990 to add questions on a set of activities to augment participation rates particularly of females. The questionnaire was further improved in 1995 to reckon with the size and composition of migration and informal sectors. The scope of the survey was extended in 2001-02 to occupational safety and health as well. The questionnaire was further articulated in 2005 for the current LFS 2005-06.

4. LABOUR FORCE SURVEY General Objectives i.Summarily, the survey aims to provide data on (a) age, sex, marital status, literacy, level of education and migration of the population,(b) dimensions of country’s labour force, such as (i) employed labour force classified by industry, formal & informal sectors, employment status hours worked, (ii) occupational safety and health information of the employed persons and (iii) characteristics of the unemployed labour i.e. age sex and level of education and pervious experience.

5. LABOUR FORCE SURVEY Methodology The LFS is household inquiry (direct personal) based on stratified two-stage sample design. The universe consists of all urban and rural areas of the four provinces of Pakistan. Enumeration of sample is evenly distributed through four quarters of the survey year in order to take care of seasonality.

6. CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS Employed The “Employed” comprises all persons ten years of age and above who worked at least one hour during the reference period I.e. week preceding the date of enumeration, and were either “paid employed” or “self employed”. Persons, employed on permanent/regular footings have not worked for any reason during the reference period are however, treated as employed.

7. Unemployed The “unemployed” comprises all persons ten years of age and above who during the reference period were: i) “With out work” i.e. were not in paid-employment or self-employment; ii)“Currently available for work” i.e. were available for paid employment or self-employment; and iii)“Seeking work” i.e. had taken specific steps in a specified recent period to seek paid employment or self-employment. CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS

8. Population not Currently Active: The “population not currently active” or “persons not in the labour force” comprises all persons who were not employed or unemployed during the reference period and hence not currently active on account of the following reasons:- (a) Attending educational institutions, (b) Engaged in household duties, (c) Retired or old age, (d) Too young to work,(e) Agricultural landlord and/or property owner(given on rent or lease). They are owners but they do not work for their properties (f) Persons who derive their income solely from royalties, dividends,etc, (g) Engaged in immoral pursuits such as prostitutes, beggars,thieves and smugglers etc. (h) Voluntary social workers doing work outside the family enterprise, (i) Living entirely on charity and (j) Other reasons such as infirmity etc. CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS

9. LABOUR FORCE SURVEY Quarterly Enumeration The LFS for 2005-06 is the first-ever being undertaken on quarterly basis. For this purpose, annual sample of 36000 households is being enumerated evenly in the four quarters of the reference year. The 1st(July- Sept. 2005) and 2nd quarter(Oct-Dec 2005) have been compiled in a limited report format. The enumeration is spread evenly over three months of the given quarter.

10. LABOUR FORCE SURVEY An Observation LFS 2005-06 being 1st ever-quarterly survey does not have previous quarterly reference to be contrasted with and can be regarded as a sort of benchmark for subsequent LFS be held on quarterly basis. Further, the quarterly figures are liable to depart from the ultimate annual figures of the survey as per usual caveats. However, to make an indicative assessment, its findings can be collated with that of the previous annual LFS 2003-04.