1. Let’s Review!  Renaissance = REBIRTH  Time period: 1300 – 1500  Humanism: focused on worldly subjects instead of religious subjects  Influenced by Greek and Roman literature, art, and philosophy

2. Medieval Art No dimensions instead flat surfaces Children look like adults Focus is on religious topics Disproportional (unbalanced)

4. Saint John: Apostle and Evangelist

6. Renaissance Art Proportionate Still religious, but rich people often paid to be in the painting Secular subjects = non religious Emphasis on the human body Classic subjects

7. How does the Renaissance depiction of the Virgin Mary and Baby Jesus differ from the Medieval depiction? RenaissanceMiddle Ages

8. What Differences Did You Notice?  Jesus really looks like a baby  Proportionate to Mary  Mary looks human, not like an angel

9. Which is Which? Medieval or Renaissance? A. B.

10. C.D.

11. E. F.

12. Renaissance Art and Patronage  Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art. * Art communicated social, political, and spiritual values. * Italian banking & international trade interests had the money.  Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds. Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!

14. 1. Realism & Expression Expulsion from the Garden by Masaccio 1427 First nudes since classical times.

15. 2. Perspective Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! First use of linear perspective! Perspective! Perspective! The Trinity by Masaccio 1427

16. Perspective

17. 3. Classicism  Greco-Roman influence.  Secularism: worldly, not religious.  Humanism.  Individualism - free standing figures.  Symmetry/Balance The “Classical Pose” Medici “Venus” (1c)

18. 4. Emphasis on Individualism Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: The Duke & Dutchess of Urbino Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.

19. 5. Geometrical Arrangement of Figures The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate  by Leonardo da Vinci  1469  The figure as architecture!

20. 6. Light & Shadowing/Softening Edges Strongcontrastsbetween light and dark Shadingorblending so there are no sharpoutlines

22. Lorenzo the Magnificent 1478 - 1521 Cosimo de Medici 1517 - 1574

23. Florence Under the Medici Family Medici Chapel Medici Chapel The Medici Palace

24. Filippo Brunelleschi  Commissioned to build the cathedral dome. - Used unique architectural concepts. § He studied the ancient Pantheon in Rome. § Used ribs for support.

25. Brunelleschi’s Dome

26. Comparing Domes

27. Other Famous Domes Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s U.S. capital (Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington D.C.)

28. The Ideal City Piero della Francesca, 1470

29. David by Donatello 1430 First free-form bronze statue since Roman times! The Liberation of Sculpture

30. David by Verrocchio 1473 – 1475 David by Verrocchio 1473 – 1475 (One of his students was Leonardo da Vinci)

31. The Baptism of Christ Verrocchio, 1472 - 1475 The Baptism of Christ Verrocchio, 1472 - 1475 Leonardo da Vinci

33. Vitruvian Man Leonardo da Vinci 1492 Blends science and art The L’uomo universale (Universal Man)

34. The Renaissance “Man” Has broad knowledge about many things in different fields. Deep knowledge/skill in one area. Able to link information from different areas/disciplines and create new knowledge. The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded man” was at the heart of Renaissance education.

35. Self-Portrait – da Vinci, 1512 1452 - 1519 Artist Sculptor Architect Scientist Engineer Inventor

36. Leonardo, the Artist The Virgin of the Rocks Leonardo da Vinci 1483-1486

37. Leonardo da Vinci Born in 1452 Painter, sculptor, inventor, botanist, musician, architect Dissected the human body to see how muscles and tendons worked Sketched submarines and airplane models before they were even invented

38. Leonardo, the Artist: From his Notebooks of over 5000 pages (1508-1519)

39. Mona Lisa da Vinci, 1503-4  Her identity was determined in 2005: Lisa del Giocondo, wife of a wealthy Florentine merchant.  Her enigmatic (mysterious) smile continues to puzzle onlookers.  It currently hangs in the Louvre Museum in Paris.

40. Mona Lisa OR da Vinci??

41. It is displayed in a purpose-built, climate-controlled enclosure behind bulletproof glass. * About 6 million people view the painting at the Louvre each year.

42. Renaissance Humor

44. The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498 & Geometry

45. horizontal vertical Perspective! The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498

46. Detail of Jesus The Last Supper Leonardo da Vinci 1498 Deterioration

47. A Da Vinci “Code”: St. John or Mary Magdalene?

48. Leonardo, the Sculptor An Equestrian Statue 1516-1518

49. Leonardo, the Architect: Pages from his Notebook Study of a central church. 1488

50. Leonardo, the Architect: Pages from his Notebook Plan of the city of Imola, 1502.

51. Leonardo, the Scientist (Biology): Pages from his Notebook An example of the humanist desire to unlock the secrets of nature.

52. Leonardo, the Scientist (Anatomy): Pages from his Notebook

53. Leonardo, the Inventor: Pages from his Notebook

54. A study of siege defenses. Studies of water-lifting devices. Leonardo, the Engineer: Pages from his Notebook

56. Michelangelo Buonorrati 1475 – 1564 He represented the body in three dimensions of sculpture.

57. Michelangelo  Sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, and poet.  Designed the dome for St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome which served as a model when architects were designing the U.S. Capitol building  Greatest achievement was his four year ordeal painting the Sistine Chapel in Rome.

58. David Michelangelo Buonarotti 1504 Marble Depicts a young King David before he challenges Goliath

60. 15c 15c 16c What a difference a century makes! by Donatello by Michelangelo

61. The Pieta  Michelangelo Buonarroti  1499  Marble The Popes as Patrons of the Arts

62. The Sistine Chapel Michelangelo Buonarroti 1508 - 1512

64. The Sistine Chapel’s Ceiling Michelangelo Buonarroti 1508 - 1512

66. The Sistine Chapel: Details The Creation of the Heavens

67. The Sistine Chapel: Details Creation of Man (God giving life to Adam)

68. The Sistine Chapel: Details The Fall from Grace

70. The Sistine Chapel: Details The Last Judgment

72. Raffaello Sanzio (1483-1520) Self-Portrait, 1506 Portrait of the Artist with a Friend, 1518

73. Baldassare Castiglione by Raphael, 1514-1515 Castiglione represented the humanist “gentleman” as a man of refinement and self-control.

74. Perspective!Perspective! Betrothal of the Virgin Raphael1504

75. Raphael’s Canagiani Madonna, 1507

76. Raphael’s Madonnas (1) Sistine Madonna Cowpepper Madonna

77. Madonna della Sedia Alba Madonna Raphael’s Madonnas (2)

78. The School of Athens – Raphael, 1510 -11 One point perspective. All of the important Greek philosophers and thinkers are included - all of the great personalities of the Seven Liberal Arts! A great variety of poses. Located in the papal apartments’ library. Raphael worked on this commission simultaneously as Michelangelo was doing the Sistine Chapel. No Christian themes here.

79. The School of Athens – Raphael, 1510 -11 Raphael Da Vinci Michelangelo

80. Aristotle: looks to this earth [the here and now]. Plato: looks to the heavens [or the IDEAL realm]. The School of Athens – Raphael

81. Averroes Hypatia Pythagoras

82. Zoroaster Ptolemy Euclid