1. Exploring Space 1.1 Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
CHAPTER
NEW CHAPTER
Exploring Space
the BIG idea
People develop and use technology to explore and study space.
1.1
Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
1.2
Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
1.3
Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
1.4
Space exploration benefits society.
CHAPTER OUTLINE

2. Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
1.1
Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
• Gravity causes objects in space to be grouped together in different ways.
orbit
• Stars form patterns in the sky.
solar system
• The sky seems to turn as Earth rotates.
galaxy
universe
constellation
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3. 1.1 orbit Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
solar system
n. The elliptical path of an object in space as it moves around another object due to gravity; for example, the Moon moves in an orbit around Earth.
galaxy
universe
constellation
v. To revolve around, or move in an orbit; for example, the Moon orbits Earth.
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4. 1.1 solar system Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
orbit
solar system
solar system
The Sun and its family of orbiting planets, moons, and other objects.
galaxy
universe
constellation
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5. 1.1 galaxy Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
orbit
galaxy
solar system
Millions or billions of stars held together in a group by their own gravity.
galaxy
universe
constellation
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6. 1.1 universe Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
orbit
universe
solar system
Space and all the matter and energy in it.
galaxy
universe
constellation
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7. 1.1 constellation Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
orbit
constellation
solar system
A group of stars that form a pattern in the sky.
galaxy
universe
constellation
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SUMMARY

8. Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
1.2
Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
Each form of electromagnetic radiation provides different information about objects in space.
electromagnetic radiation
Astronomers use different types of telescopes to gather visible light and other forms of radiation.
spectrum
wavelength
telescope
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9. electromagnetic radiation
1.2
Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation
spectrum
Energy that travels across distances as certain types of waves. Types of electromagnetic radiation are radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, x-rays, and gamma rays.
wavelength
telescope
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10. 1.2 spectrum Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
electromagnetic radiation
spectrum
spectrum
1. Radiation from a source separated into a range of wavelengths.
wavelength
2. The range of colors that appears in a beam of visible light when it passes through a prism. See also electromagnetic radiation.
telescope
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11. 1.2 wavelength Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
electromagnetic radiation
wavelength
spectrum
The distance from one wave peak or crest to the next peak or crest. Wavelength can be measured as the distance from any part of one wave to the identical part of the next wave.
wavelength
telescope
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12. 1.2 telescope Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
electromagnetic radiation
telescope
spectrum
A device that gathers visible light or another form of electromagnetic radiation.
wavelength
telescope
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

13. Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
1.3
Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
Astronauts can explore space near Earth. Spacecraft without crews carry instruments to other worlds. A flyby mission usually provides data from several bodies in space. Orbiters, landers, and probes gather data from one planet or body.
satellite
space station
lander
probe
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14. 1.3 satellite Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
space station
An object that orbits a more massive object.
lander
probe
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15. 1.3 space station Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
satellite
space station
space station
A satellite in which people can live and work for long periods.
lander
probe
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16. 1.3 lander Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
satellite
lander
space station
A craft designed to land on a planet’s surface.
lander
probe
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17. 1.3 probe Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
satellite
probe
space station
A spacecraft that is sent into a planet’s atmosphere or onto a solid surface.
lander
probe
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18. Space exploration benefits society.
1.4
Space exploration benefits society.
Space exploration has taught us about Earth’s development. It has also provided technology that has important uses on Earth.
impact crater
This boy communicates using technology developed by designers at NASA.
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19. 1.4 impact crater Space exploration benefits society.
A round pit left behind on the surface of a planet or other body in space after a smaller object strikes the surface.
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20. 1.1 Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
I. Some space objects are visible to the human eye.
orbit
A. We see patterns in the universe.
solar system
1. Arrangement of the Universe
galaxy
2. Constellations
universe
B. The sky seems to turn as Earth rotates.
constellation
C. The movements of planets and other nearby objects are visible from Earth.
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

21. Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
1.2
Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
II. Telescopes allow us to study space from Earth.
electromagnetic radiation
A. Light and other forms of radiation carry information about space.
spectrum
B. Astronomers use telescopes to collect information about space.
wavelength
1. Visible-Light, Infrared, and Ultraviolet Telescopes
telescope
2. Radio Telescopes
3. Telescopes in Space
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22. Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
1.3
Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
III. Spacecraft help us explore beyond Earth.
satellite
A. Astronauts explore space near Earth.
space station
1. Moon Missions
lander
2. Orbiting Earth
probe
B. Spacecraft carry instruments to other worlds.
1. Flybys
2. Orbiters
3. Landers and Probes
4. Combining Missions
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23. Space exploration benefits society.
1.4
Space exploration benefits society.
IV. Space exploration benefits society.
impact crater
A. Space exploration has given us new viewpoints.
1. Surface Features
2. Atmosphere
B. Space technology has practical uses.
1. Satellite Views of Earth
2. Technology Spinoffs
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SUMMARY