1. IB Extended Essay: Library Briefing 2012/2013

2. Agenda Resources available Research methods Peer reviewed vs. popular literature Citations & Works Cited pages Note taking Plagiarism Evaluating sources Boolean operators & web searching tips Questions

3. Resource Availability Libraries: Westwood Collegiate: http://westwood.sjsd.net/library Winnipeg Public Library: http://winnipeg.ca/library ◦ Westwood branch @ 66 Allard Ave. (one block down Rouge Rd., turn left) ◦ St. James Assiniboia branch @ 1910 Portage Ave. (beside St. James Collegiate) ◦ Millennium Library @ 251 Donald St. (downtown) University of Manitoba Libraries: http://umanitoba.ca/libraries ◦ Dafoe Library @ Fort Garry Campus ◦ Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library @ Bannatyne Campus University of Winnipeg Library: http://library.uwinnipeg.ca/ ◦ See Ms. Phillips if you would like a U of W library card. Archives of Manitoba: http://www.gov.mb.ca/chc/archives ◦ Located at 200 Vaughn St. Call ahead (945-3971) & they will be happy to plan some research assistance for you. Manitoba Legislative Library: http://www.gov.mb.ca/chc/leg-lib

4. Research Methods Kuhlthau’s model The 6 stages of research: 1. Task initiation 2. Topic selection 3. Prefocus exploration 4. Focus formulation 5. Information collection 6. Search closure Prepare for the decision of selecting your topic Decide on your topic for research Investigate available information Formulation a focus from the information encountered Gather information that defines & supports your topic Conclude your search

5. What is a scholarly/peer reviewed journal? Scholarly journals contain articles written by researchers who are experts in their field. These people are employed by colleges, universities, or other institutions of education & research. Scholarly journals generally do not contain any advertisements, except for non-profit events & organizations, or other journals put out by the same publisher. This means there is no commercial bias. The Peer Review Process: Peer reviewed articles are submitted to the editors of the journals, who then decide whether or not to publish the article. Before an article is accepted for publication, it is reviewed by several experts in the field who suggest possible changes & then recommend to the journal editors whether or not to publish the article. Scholarly Popular

6. Citations Two main systems of referencing: MLA is used in the social sciences/humanities. APA is used in the sciences. Online sources can be one of two types: Published directly online Published in print originally & accessed online Things to record when citing online sources: Contributor/creator/author Title (of article) Title of website Version or edition Publisher or sponsor of website Date of publication/update/edit Medium (internet/web) Date accessed See the library’s Citations page for more information: http://westwood.sjsd.net/Library/citations http://westwood.sjsd.net/Library/citations

7. Note Taking / Organizing Your Research First, read the source you have selected. ◦ Do not take notes at this stage, focus on understanding & evaluating the material. Next, read the source again. ◦ Now is the time to highlight and/or take notes on key pieces of information. Record the bibliographic information. ◦ Do it now so that you don’t panic when you return the book or close the internet window & then don’t have the source in hand when you need to create your bibliography later on. Don’t copy information directly unless you intend to use it as a quote & identify it as such. Any notes made should be put in your own words.

8. Parenthetical Citations Author’s name in text: Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263). Without author’s name in text: Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263). A parenthetical citation is used to credit the author when you use their ideas, words, or facts in the body of your writing. This is a citation style in which partial citations are enclosed within parentheses (brackets) & embedded in the text. This can be either within a sentence or after it, as opposed to the footnote style. Accompanied by a list of the full citations (works cited) in alphabetical order at the end of your essay. This can be a quote or paraphrase. You can use the authors name in the text or in the citation. Make sure that you provide the last name of the author & the specific page numbers of the source.

9. Plagiarism “To plagiarize is to take the ideas or words of another person and pass them off as one’s own.” “Plagiarism applies to any written work, in traditional or electronic format, as well as orally or verbally presented work. ” Keep accurate notes to avoid unintentional plagiarism. ◦ Use the “Reflection” area on your Cornell Notes sheet to record your thoughts & ideas. Use parenthetical citations when necessary. Record page numbers in your notes so that you can cite your sources properly. It is the student’s responsibility to know the rules. Consequences for plagiarism may include: repeating the assignment, failing the assignment, being withdrawn from the course, suspension, or expulsion. http://webapps.cc.umanitoba.ca/calendar10/regulations/plagiarism.asp http://www.umanitoba.ca/student/advocacy/cheating_plagiarism_fraud.html

10. Plagiarism: explained by Common Craft http://www.commoncraft.com/video/p lagiarism

11. Evaluation of Sources Always remember to critically analyze all information you find: Who: is the author, & what are their credentials? (Occupation, experience, education, etc. How are they qualified to write about this particular topic?) What: is the purpose of the website? Is the website or publication associated with an organization? (government, university, publicly recognized, body etc.) When: Is the information current and up-to- date? (Check for a copyright date, or last "edited on" date) Why: Is there bias in the information given or an agenda being pushed? Any information collected should be objective and factual, not opinion. How: Can you verify any information in another source? Always look for information from multiple sources, don't just jump on the first thing you find because it may not be correct! And when in doubt...ask your librarian! Just because something made it’s way onto the internet, does not mean that it is credible, reliable, or even true. http://library.acadiau.ca/t utorials/webevaluation/

12. What is Boolean Searching? Boolean searches allow you to combine words and phrases using the words AND, OR, and NOT (otherwise known as Boolean operators) to limit, widen, or define your search. Most search engines (Google, Bing), directories (InfoPlease, IPL2) & databases (EBSCOhost, Salem Press History) use Boolean operators, so a good searcher should know how to use them. ◦ AND is equal to the + symbol. ◦ NOT is equal to the - symbol. ◦ When you put your search terms in quotations (ex: “conan the librarian”) you're telling the search engine that you want all of these words in this specific order, or this specific phrase.