1. Cultural Geography of the United States and Canada

2. Vocabulary Immigration Native American Sunbelt Urbanization
Metropolitan area
Suburb
Megalopolis
Mobility

3. Population Patterns

4. The People
North American’s first immigrants may have come from Asia thousands of years ago. Because they were the first settlers, they are called Native Americans. In recent centuries, people have immigrated to North America from all parts of the world for various reasons-religious or political freedom and economic or educational opportunities.

6. The Cities
Both the US and Canada have experienced urbanization-the movement of people from rural areas to cities. Today most people live in metropolitan areas.

7. Coastal Cities
Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.-home to about 42 million people. These cities lie in coastal areas where healthy economies support large populations. Other important coastal cities are Miami, New Orleans and Houston. Vancouver is an important coastal city in Canada.

9. Inland Cities
Important inland cities are located on rivers or lakes. Major inland cities include Quebec, Montreal, Toronto, and Ottawa in Canada, and Detroit, Chicago, St. Louis, and Pittsburgh in the United States.

11. Future Trends
Because of low birthrates in Canada and the United States, most population growth in this region comes from immigration. As immigration adds to population density, living with cultural differences and managing urban congestion are ongoing challenges.

12. -- Think Tank -- Think Tank --
What do you think are some of the similarities and differences between the people that live in Canada and the people that live in the United States?

15. Vocabulary
Immigration-the movement of people into one country from another
Metropolitan area-region that includes a central city and its surrounding suburbs
Suburbs-outlying communities around a city
Megalopolis-a “super-city” that is made up several large and small cities such as the area between Boston and Washington D.C.
Mobility-the freedom to move from place to place
Native American-North America’s first immigrant, who probably moved into the region from Asia thousands of years ago

16. Vocabulary cont’d
Urbanization-the movement of people from rural areas into cities

17. History and Government of the US and Canada

18. Vocabulary Republic Underground Railroad Dry farming Constitution
Amendment
Bill of Rights
Cabinet
Dominion
Parliament

19. Native Americans
Location and culture shaped the various cultures later known as Native American. Native Americans of the cold Arctic tundra hunted animals, while those in the temperate areas grew crops.

20. European Colonies
By the late 1500s, Europeans had begun migrating to North America to search of farmland, valuable minerals and freedom. The Spanish colonized what is now the southwestern and southern United States, the English settled along the Atlantic coast, the French came to northern areas for the fur trade (beaver). The middle Atlantic coastal area provided fertile soil and plenty of game.

21. European Colonies cont’d
The English settlers there thrived and raised cash crops for trade. Plantation owners in the South used enslaved Africans to provide the labor for large-scale farming.

22. Two New Colonies
In the late 1700s, thirteen British colonies along the Atlantic coast fought a successful war of independence, creating the United States of America. In 1867 other British North American colonies formed the Dominion of Canada, a self-governing nation within the British Empire.

23. American Republic
Rejected monarchy, set up a republic-a government in which people elect their own officials. Elected George Washington as the first president.

24. From Sea to Shining Sea
By the mid-1800s, the United States had expanded westward across the North American continent to the Pacific coast. Canada carried out its own westward expansion during the late 1800s.

25. Growth, Division, Unity
Industrialization transformed the United States and Canada during the 1800s.
The waterfalls in the northeast, coal from the Midwestern states were good sources of power. Rivers and lakes provide easy transport for manufactured goods.

26. Growth cont’d
2. Cotton became an important raw material for the textile industry. By the 1800s the demand for cotton also increased the demand for slave workers. Disputes over slavery led to the United States Civil War of

27. Technological and Social Change
The completion of transcontinental railroads in the late 1800s in both Canada and the United States led to increased settlement of the West. Thousands of immigrants were hired to build the railroads.

28. Government
The United States and Canada are both democracies with federal systems.
The American plan of government is set down in the Constitution, drafted in Over the years, amendments to the Constitution have been made to meet the country’s changing needs. The national government is made of three branches-executive, legislative, and judicial.

29. Government cont’d
Canada is a parliamentary democracy. The British monarch, represented by a Canadian governor-general, is Canada’s ceremonial head of state. The prime minister, who heads the majority party in Parliament, is the actual head of government. Canada became completely independent from the United Kingdom in 1931.

30. Vocabulary
Republic-a government in which people elect their own officials
Underground Railroad-an informal network of safe houses, helped thousands of escaping enslaved people make their way north to freedom
Dry Farming-cultivating the land so that it caught and held rainwater.

31. Vocabulary cont’d
Constitution-plan of government made for the United States in 1887
Amendments-in U.S. history, official changes made to the Constitution
Bill or Rights-the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
Dominion-a partially self-governing country with close ties to another country