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Shanghai International Maritime Forum 2007 Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention Tim Wilkins 国际油轮船东协会 Regional Manager Asia-Pacific Environmental Manager Image Courtesy of NORDEN AS
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1.Business Environment 2.Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 1.Accidental 2.Deliberate 3.Future considerations 国际油轮船东协会
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World Oil Supply 1900-2005 (Million bls/day) 国际油轮船东协会
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Crude Oil Seaborne Trade 1. Business Environment 国际油轮船东协会
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Crude Imports (m tonnes) Source: Braemar Seascope 1. Business Environment 国际油轮船东协会
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China: Crude oil import sources (‘000 tonnes) Source: Braemar Seascope 1. Business Environment 国际油轮船东协会
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Oil consumption per capita (Litres/day - 2003) 1. Business Environment 国际油轮船东协会
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The World needs Tankers World Oil Consumption 3.7 billion ts Transported by sea 2.3 billion ts > 60% transported by sea. As an Industry we may not be loved BUT WE ARE NEEDED 1. Business Environment 国际油轮船东协会
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Zero tolerance 1. Business Environment 国际油轮船东协会 Source: International Herald Tribune, Tuesday October 11 2005
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Tonnes spilt per billion tonne-mile transported So long as we have a demand we will have a risk… 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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two branches to the problem Large Scale Accidental Spills Persistent and Deliberate Discharges the problems are obvious, the solutions are less so 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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% 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会 Tanker fleet; double and single hull
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Solutions - - Maintenance of existing vessels - - Coatings, integrity of welding… - - Enhanced Surveys (Condition Assessment) - - Role of Port State Control - - Places of Refuge: the Prestige disaster has clearly shown that arrangements to accommodate vessels in distress are inadequately regulated - - Protection of Fuel Tanks 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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Solutions - - Maintenance of existing vessels - - Coatings, integrity of welding… - - Enhanced Surveys (Condition Assessment) 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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Solutions - - Maintenance of existing vessels - - Coatings, integrity of welding… - - Enhanced Surveys (Condition Assessment) - - Role of Port State Control - - Places of Refuge: the Prestige disaster has clearly shown that arrangements to accommodate vessels in distress are inadequately regulated - - Protection of Fuel Tanks 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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two branches to the problem Large Scale Accidental Spills Persistent and Deliberate Discharges the problems are obvious, the solutions are less so 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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Oil and Chemicals 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention
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– Oil into the sea from fuel oil waste (sludge) bilge oil (machinery waste oil) tank washing, cargo residues Fuel Oil Sludge from All Ship Types187,990M/T Bilge Oil from All Ship Types64,400M/T Cargo Discharges from Tankers19,250M/T (1990 158,600M/T) 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention
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Achieving zero discharge Industry Guidance on Use of Oily Water Separators and Completion of Oil Record Book Guide for treatment of engine room wastes – including means to limit generation of waste, better management of waste, better design and sizing of equipment, (revisions to MARPOL), and additional training 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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Persistent and Deliberate Discharge of Oil A typical Reception and Treatment facility Courtesy of OSRL/EARL Singapore What to do with the waste oil: Incinerate (air emissions issue) Discharge at sea in legal quantities (15ppm) – not fuel oil sludge...! Discharge ashore 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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Port Reception Facility issue International Law Obligates Availability and Adequacy Problems: Responsibility: Port vs Local Agencies Profitability Contaminated Oils Solutions – enforcement and responsibility: MARPOL Annex I EU Directive Case by case 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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Achieving zero discharge 1.Provision of adequate reception facilities for all waste types 2.Harmonization of fee system and mandatory delivery of waste 3.Effective on-board waste system design – oil water separation management – chemical management 4.Effective waste treatment and monitoring technology – Industry best practice 5.Supported by: 1.Aerial surveillance 2.Oil tracing and fingerprinting technologies 2. Oil Transportation and Pollution Prevention 国际油轮船东协会
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3. Future challenges Reported tanker incidents with human error cases increasing groundings 17% collisions 33% The Human Element 国际油轮船东协会
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3. Future challenges Current and future shortages - Shortage now or in the future? Quality gap (training and experience) Attracting new officers – industry image and criminalisation Industry Action Human Element in Shipping Committee Tanker Officer Training Standards (TOTS) Cadet Berths – Survey & Policy STCW revision / IMO Human Element Committee The Human Element 国际油轮船东协会
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thank you 国际油轮船东协会 For more information please visit www.intertanko.com www.intertanko.com tim.wilkins@intertanko.com 国际油轮船东协会
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