1. 30 Seconds 10 Time’s Up! 3 Minutes 1 Minute 4 Minutes 1 2 5 2 Minutes
Bellringer 9-19
What do you think this cartoon is about?
What do you think is happening?
30 Seconds 10
Time’s Up!
3 Minutes
1 Minute
4 Minutes 1 2 5
2 Minutes 8 9 7 6 4 3

2. Cells

3. Cells

4. Examples of Cells
Amoeba
Plants
Bacteria
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

5. Cells The Building Blocks of Life
The cell is the smallest unit capable of performing life functions.

6. Cell Trivia
The average human being is composed of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!!
It would take as many as 50 cells to cover the area of a dot on the letter “i”

7. History of Cells
1665- English Scientist, Robert Hooke, discovered cells while looking at a thin slice of cork (bark of tree)
He described the cells as tiny boxes or a honeycomb
He thought that cells only existed in plants and fungi

8. 1673- Anton von Leuwenhoek, invented the microscope and observed pond scum and discovered single celled organisms
He called them “animalcules”
He also observed blood cells from fish, birds, frogs, dogs, and humans
Therefore, it was known that cells are found in animals as well as plants

9. More history…
1838- German Botanist, Matthias Schleiden, concluded that all plant parts are made of cells
1839- German physiologist, Theodor Schwann, who was a close friend of Schleiden, stated that all animal tissues are composed of cells.

10. The Cell Theory
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.

11. 2. The Cell is the smallest working unit of living things.

12. 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division.
Francesco Redi did first experiments to disprove spontaneous generation – Life comes from life - biogenesis

13. Compound Light Microscope
Use in class
Compound –Eyepiece (10x) times objective lens
10x X 4x=40x
10x X 10x=100x
10x X 40x = 400x

14. The Electron Microscope
Biggest magnification
(X 2,000,000)
2 types
(SEM and TEM)

15. Number of Cells in an organism
Unicellular – composed of one cell
Multicellular- composed of many cells that organize

16. Two basic cell types
1. Prokaryotes- ONLY bacteria, one celled, lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

17. Prokaryotes
Contains DNA
Cell membrane & cell wall

18. 2. Eukaryotes- (Like U-you) all other living things (plants, animals & fungi), have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
May be unicellular or multicellular

19. Eukaryotic Cell Contain 3 basic cell structures: Nucleus Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm with organelles

20. Two Main Types of Eukaryotic Cells
Plant Cell
Animal Cell

21. “Typical” Animal Cell

22. “Typical” Plant Cell

23. Plasma (Cell) Membrane
Boundary between the internal and external environment of the cell.
Controls what goes in & out of cell

24. Supports and protects the cell.
Cell Wall
Inflexible structure composed of cellulose, found only in PLANTS and bacteria.
Supports and protects the cell.

25. Contains DNA and controls cell functions.The “brain” of the cell.
Nucleus
Contains DNA and controls cell functions.The “brain” of the cell.

26. Organelles “Little Organs” Each has specific functions
Found throughout cytoplasm

27. Nuclear (envelope) Membrane
Porous membrane surrounding the nucleus.

28. Clear, jelly-like fluid in cell. Where organelles are.
Cytoplasm
Clear, jelly-like fluid in cell. Where organelles are.

29. Endoplasmic Reticulum(E.R.)
Makes lipids
(fats)
delivery system -
manufactures and
transports.
Smooth and rough

30. E.R. Rough ER has ribosomes on the surface.
Smooth ER does not have ribosome
attached

31. Ribosomes Make proteins Each cell contains thousands
Found on ribosomes and floating throughout the cell .

32. Golgi Apparatus (Body)
Packaging and shipping protein
(like the UPS)

34. Vacuoles
Plants have single
large vacuole.
Stores water

35. Vacuoles
Animals have
many small ones
store food, enzymes

36. Contain digestive material to breakdown old parts, bacteria and waste.
Lysosomes
Contain digestive material to breakdown old parts, bacteria and waste.

37. “Mighty” Mitochondria
“Powerhouse”, makes energy for cell. Site of cellular respiration (converts food into usable energy)

38. Found only in plants - makes food
Chloroplasts
Found only in plants - makes food
Changes the sun’s energy into chemical energy (photosynthesis).
Contains chlorophyll (gives plants green color)

39. Involved in cell division
Centriole
Involved in cell division
Only animal cells!

40. Ribosomes Each cell contains thousands Make proteins
Found on ribosomes, nuclear envelope & floating throughout the cell