1. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells By Mr. A. Rogan Science First Year

2. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  All plants and animals are made of cells

3. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Cells are like microscopic versions of the bricks in a wall

4. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Millions of cells fit neatly together to form a plant or animal structure

5. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells

6.  Cell Membrane: Gives shape and controls what enters and leaves the cell.

7. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Nucleus: Controls the activities of the cell

8. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Cytoplasm: A jelly- like substance containing 90% water and dissolved proteins and vitamins.

9. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Small Vacuoles: Stores food

10. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells

11.  Cell Wall: Gives extra strength and support

12. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Large Vacuole: Stores Food.  Chloroplast: Contains chlorophyll which is necessary for making food.

13. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Differences Between Plant and Animal Cells:  Plant cells have a cell wall.  A plant cell has one large vacuole, animal have many small vacuoles.

14. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Plant cells contain chloroplasts, animals do not.  Animal cells are roundish, plants are more square.

15. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Microscopes  2 Main Types:

16. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Compound: Magnifies x40 – x600  Electron: Magnifies x500,000

17. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Microscope Parts:  Eyepiece.  Lens.  Coarse Adjustment.  Fine Adjustment.

18. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Slide.  Stage  Diaphragm.  Light  Base

19. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Anton Van Leeuwenhoek:  Businessman  Hobby was making microscopes.  Discovered bacteria and protozoa.

20. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Using Microscopes:  Wipe Lens  Turn on Light  Put slide on stage

21. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Use Low power Lens  Look through eyepiece and bring into view  Repeat for medium power.

22. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  To Examine Plant Cells:  Peel off an extremely thin slice of the inside of an onion.  Put 1 drop of iodine stain onto a glass slide.

23. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  To Examine Plant Cells: (contd).  Without creases/folds place the onion skin into the iodine – lower a cover-slip onto the iodine.  Examine under low power of microscope – then medium power

24. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Cells and Tissues:  Not all animal cells are the same  Not all plant cells are the same.

25. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  The Shape and size of cells depends on the work they have to do

26. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Examples of Cells:  Red Blood Cell  Nerve Cell  White Blood Cell  Muscle Cell  Windpipe Cells

27. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells

30.  Tissues:  Groups of similar cells with a special function form a tissue. E.g. Muscle, blood, bone, skin.

31. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Human Tissues:  Nervous Tissue  Bone Tissue  Muscle Tissue  Skin Tissue  Blood Tissue

32. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Plant Tissues:  Photosynthetic Tissue  Storage Tissue  Growing Tissue  Transport Tissue

33. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Organs:  Several tissues grouped together form an organ.  Structure with a specific job to do.

34. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Examples of Organs:  Heart  Kidney  Stomach  Brain

35. Chapter 3: Plant and Animal Cells  Summary:  Cells – Tissues – Organs – Systems.