1. Napoleon’s Europe
Chapter 20
section 3

2. Key Terms Napoleon Bonaparte Admiral Horatio Nelson Coup d’ etat
Plebiscite
Continental system
Nationalism

3. Opportunities for Glory
Napoleon a brilliant military leader
Forced British troops out of Toulon
Won a victory against Austria
1795 faced royalist mob in Paris
Used artillery to disperse them

4. Opportunities for Glory
Directory placed Napoleon in charge of French troops
Troops not slowed down by supply train
Took what they needed from the countryside
Won battles against the Italians and Austrians
Secured France’s borders

5. Opportunities for Glory
Napoleon turned his attention to Egypt
1798 Napoleon defeats Egypt’s Ottoman defenders
Admiral Horatio Nelson- trapped and destroyed most French ships in the Battle of the Nile

6. Opportunities for Glory
Napoleon covered up his defeat
Napoleon sailed home
Left army in Egypt under another officer
Exaggerated France's successes

7. Napoleon Seizes Power National hero decided to seize political power
Directory had grown weak
Armed supporters of Napoleon surrounded the Directory
Voted Napoleon first Consul

8. Napoleon Seize Power Coup d’ etat- a forced transfer of power
A group of three consuls would replace the Directory
Structure of the Republic still in place
Napoleon had become dictator

9. Napoleon Seizes Power
Why would France want a dictator, after overthrowing a king?
French craved order and stability the Napoleon promised
Napoleon pledged to uphold some of the revolutions reforms

10. Napoleon Crowns Himself
Plebiscite-question put before all the voters
1804- did they want to declare France an empire
Napoleon became Emperor Napoleon I
Pope Pious VII came from Rome to crown him

11. Napoleon Crowns Himself
As Pope was going to place the crown on Napoleon's head
He grabbed it and put it on his own head
Told the world no one gave Napoleon authority but himself

12. Desire for Empire Wanted to rule Europe and extend power to Americas
Civil war in Haiti was a French defeat
Napoleon sold the Louisiana territories to America to concentrate on Europe

13. The Napoleonic Wars Begin
Quest to conquer Europe
France became a dominant power in Europe
Napoleonic Wars lasted till 1815
Great Britain was France’s worst enemy

14. The Napoleonic Wars Begin
Organized coalitions against France
Napoleon knew he had to defeat Great Britain
1805 England again defeats France in Battle of Trafalgar
On Land Napoleon was more successful

15. The Continental System
Britain's economy depended on overseas trade
Napoleon wanted to disrupt trade
Continental system- blockade prohibited French or allied ships from trading with Britain

16. The Continental System
British required all neutral ships to stop in British ports for permission to trade with France
This caused other conflicts

17. The Peninsular War Portugal share Iberian Peninsula with Spain
Portuguese refused to participate in the continental system
They depended on Great Britain for trade
Napoleon sent troops to drive out the King

18. The Peninsular War Napoleon then conquered Spain
British sent troops to Spain
Napoleon won several victories against the British
Guerilla warfare in Spain
Attacked French troops and camps

19. The Peninsular War
French slaughtered many innocent civilians to punish the guerillas
Kept French army pinned down
Napoleon pulled troops from Spain

20. Napoleon Dominates Europe
Took control of Europe through treaties and alliances
Great Britain, Portugal, Sweden and Ottoman Empire not controlled
Napoleon put relatives in power of conquered areas

21. Napoleon Dominates Europe
His brothers ruled in Holland, Naples, and Sicily
His sisters and stepsons held important positions

22. Reform of Church State Relations
Many citizens despised the anti religious nature of the Revolution
Napoleon made an agreement with the Pope
Concordat-French citizens were Roman Catholic

23. Reform of Church Relations
Recognized the influence of the Catholic Church
Did not return control over national affairs

24. Economic Reforms Established the Bank of France Regulate the economy
Set up efficient tax collection system
Ensured government would not face hardships

25. Legal and Educational Reforms
Created Napoleonic Code-laws uniform across the land
Eliminated many injustices
Promoted order and authority over rights
Freedom of the press was restricted by censors

26. Legal and Educational Reforms
Code only applied to male citizens
Denied rights of women and allowed husbands to have authority over them
Strong state depended on strong leaders in government and the military

27. Napoleon’s legacy
Insured that some basic values and ideas from the revolution remained with government
Napoleon’s ideas of
Equality before the law
Representative form of Government
Approved and supported by Napoleon

28. Napoleon’s Legacy Napoleon’s action spread nationalism
Nationalism-a sense of identity and unity as a people
French people developed a new loyalty to France as a whole
Nationalism spread to the conquered peoples