1. Quick Quiz: True or False? 1.Hypotheses that are supported by evidence become theories. When they have been tested many times and never disproven, theories become laws. 2.A hypothesis is an educated guess. 3.Scientists use a general and universal scientific method in their work. 4.If many scientists gather evidence carefully in many contexts, this will result in sure knowledge. 5.We can be 100% sure of scientific findings if proper scientific methods were used. 6.Scientists use scientific procedures more than creativity. 7.Science and its methods can answer all questions. 8.Scientists are particularly objective in their work. 9.Experiments are the principle route to scientific knowledge. 10.All work in science is reviewed to keep the process honest.

2. Theory and Law

3. Misconceived Notion of the Relationship of the Categories of Scientific Knowledge Theory Law Hypothesis Observations

4. Law and Theory Defined Scientific Law- states identifies or describes relationships or patterns among observable phenomena Scientific Theory – inferred explanation for observable phenomenon

5. Alternative View of the Relationship of the Categories of Scientific Knowledge Social and Cultural Context Hypothesis LawTheory Observation/Data

6. Relationship of Scientific Theory and Law Scientific Law Boyle’s Law (pv=K) Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance (e.g. the likelihood of getting one trait does not affect the likelihood of getting another) Newton’s Laws of Universal Gravitation and Laws of Motion (F=ma) Scientific Theory Kinetic Molecular Theory Chromosome Theory ? Patterns, relationships Explanations for patterns, relationships