1. 1 Progress towards Attainment of MDGs: Bangladesh Experience By Sheikh Abdul Ahad Director Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

2. 2 Introduction In order to achieve some targeted progress in poverty, education, health, gender equality, sustainable environment and strengthening inter country co-ordination for development, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have been adopted by the United Nations, which contain a set of development activities agreed upon during a series of global conferences over the preceding decade.

3. 3 After review and editing by the United Nations Secretariat, IMF, OECD and The World Bank, the objectives were published in September 2001 as a set of 8 major goals accompanied by 18 targets and 48 indicators for measuring progress towards the goals. Introduction (cont.)

4. 4 The eight major MDGs are as follows: 1.Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger 2.Achieve Universal Primary Education 3.Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women 4.Reduce Child Mortality 5.Improve Maternal Health 6.Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases 7.Ensure Environmental Sustainability 8.Develop a Global Partnership for Development

5. 5 Mandate of Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, as the national statistical organization is mandated to monitor the progress of MDGs by conducting periodic surveys and ad-hoc surveys. At present, the following surveys are providing data for monitoring MDGs: Household Income and Expenditure Survey Poverty Monitoring Survey Child Nutrition Survey Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey Vital Registration Survey Demographic Survey Population Census Labour Force Survey

6. 6 Table-1: Poverty Head Count Ratio by DCI Method 1981- 82 to 2005. Survey% of population below poverty line NationalRuralUrban 200540.439.543.2 200440.940.143.6 200044.342.352.5 1995-9647.547.149.7 1991-9247.547.646.7 1988-8947.8 47.6 *1985-8655.654.762.6 *1983-8462.661.967.7 *1981-8271.073.068.0 Sources : BBS, HIES various years, PMS 2004

7. 7 Table-2 : Poverty Head Count Ratio by CBN Method (using upper poverty line), 1991-92 to 2005. Survey% of population below poverty line NationalRuralUrban 200540.043.828.4 200049.853.036.6 1995-9651.055.229.4 1991-9258.861.244.9 Source : BBS, HIES various years, World Bank, 2003, Poverty in Bangladesh Building on Progress.

8. 8 Table -5: Inequality in Income Distribution 1981-82 to 2005. Survey yearNationalRuralUrban 1981-820.390.360.41 1983-840.360.350.37 1985-860.370.360.37 1988-890.380.370.38 1991-920.390.360.40 1995-960.430.380.44 20000.470.430.50 20040.450.430.49 20050.470.430.50 Source: BBS, HIES and PMS

9. 9 Table-6: Proportion of Income in the Lowest and Highest Quintile. Survey yearLowest Quintile Highest Quintile Ratio of highest quintile to lowest quintile 1981-826.6445.326.8 1983-847.2043.386.0 1985-866.9946.046.0 1988-896.6446.207.0 1991-926.5244.876.9 1995-965.7150.088.8 20004.9755.011.0 2004 (PMS)4.7052.011.1 20055.2652.710.1

10. 10 Table-7: Nutrition Status of Children (6-71 month) 89-90 to 2005. Nutrition Status indicators 200520001995-9619921989-90 Stunting (height for age) % below 2 std. 4649516166 % below 3 std 19 2488 Wasting ( weight for height) % below 2 std. 151217 15 % below 3 std. 3132 Underweight (weight for age) % below 2 std. 4051576867 % below 3 std. 11131825

11. 11 Table-9 : Primary School Net Enrolment Rate Sex of Children Enrolment rate 200520032000199919971996199519941993 Both sex87.28381.878.381.578.882.081.369.8 Male-8180.776.980.078.581.781.570.2 Female-8482.879.782.979.182.281.069.3

12. 12 Table-10 : Literacy Rate of Population 7 Years and Above, 1981 - 2005. Census year Literacy rate 7+ Both SexesMaleFemale 200551.955.848.1 200447.0051.1042.90 200145.3249.5640.83 199132.4038.9025.15 198125.9933.8417.51 Source : Population Census 2001, Analytical Report (Provisional) and PMS 2004 and HIES 2005

13. 13 Table-11 : Adult Literacy Rate of Population 15 Years and Over, 1981 to 2005. Localit y Adult Literacy Rate 2005200119911981 Both Sex Male Femal e Both Sex MaleFema le Both Sex MaleFema le Both Sex MaleFema le Banglad esh 51.657.245.847.553.940.8035.344.325.829.239.718.0 Rural47.453.041.641.947.935.930.138.721.525.435.415.3 Urban68.373.862.764.370.357.154.462.644.048.158.034.1 Source : BBS, Population Census-2001 Analytical Report (Provisional), SVRS- 2004

14. 14 Table-12:Employed Persons 15 Years and Over by Broad Economic Sector and Sex, 2002-2003. Broad economic sector Both SexesMaleFemale No million %No. million %No% Total44.3100.034.577.99.822.1 Agriculture22.9100.017.275.05.825.0 Non- agriculture: 21.4100.017.380.84.119.2 Industry15.3100.013.185.62.314.4 Services6.1100.04.268.91.831.1 Source: BBS, LFS 2002-2003

15. 15 Table-13:Participation of Male and Female Students in Educational Institution over the Years. YearPercent of male and female PrimarySecondaryCollegeUniversity MaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemale 200151.049.048.151.962.137.975.824.2 199154.745.366.533.574.825.278.921.1 198161.238.875.025.081.818.281.518.5 Source: Ministry of Woman and Children Affairs (MWCA), Statistical Profile of Women in Bangladesh, and BBS, December 2002.

16. 16 Table-16: Parliamentary Seats Won by Women YearTotal seats Women seats % of Women seat to total seats 199130020.7 199630041.3 200130062.0 Source: BBS, Statistical pocket Book

17. 17 Table-17: Infant Mortality Rate 1991 and 2005 YearSexNationalRuralUrban 2005Both Sexes525541 Male575852 Female475130 2003Both Sexes535740 Male555842 Female515537 1991Both Sexes929469 Male959872 Female909565 Source: BBS, Report on SVRS, June 2003

18. 18 Table-18: Proportion of Children (12-13 month) Immunized Against Measles YearBanglad esh Ruralurban 199679.478.487.9 200383.482.587.1 200687.586.788.6 Source: MICS Different rounds

19. 19 Table-19: Maternal Mortality Rate per 1000 Live Births, 2000-2005 YearNationalRuralUrban 20003.183.292.61 20013.153.262.58 20023.914.172.73 20033.764.022.70 20043.653.872.53 20053.593.802.48 Source: BBS, SVRS

20. 20 ResidenceHIV Heard of AIDS Percent who know transmission can be prevented by Having only on faithful uninfected Sex Partner Using a condom every time Knows both National65.149.842.837.3 Rural57.241.834.929.6 Urban83.267.860.554.4 Table 22 Knowledge of preventing HIV transmission

21. 21 Table-23: Access to Safe Drinking Water Year NationalRuralUrban 199089.088.096.0 200397.497.099.0 200697.697.199.2 Source : BBS, SVRS (Percent)

22. 22 Table-24 : Access to Safe Toilet, 1990-2003 Year NationalRuralUrban 199021.016.040.0 200353.248.270.7 (Percent)

23. 23 Access to Computer and E-mail Data on access to computer and e-mail was not collected in earlier survey of BBS. Information regarding access to computer and e-mail has been collected only in HIES 2005. The provisional findings is given below : Residence% of household have reported access Computere-mail National1.360.20 Rural0.17- Urban4.880.81 Source : BBS, HIES, (provisional) Table-26: Access to Computer and E-mail