1. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 1 Spreadsheet Macros (Visual Basic for Applications) Slides to accompany an in-class demo of spreadsheet technique: Macro Programming

2. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 2 Creating and Editing an initial Macro Select TOOLS/MACRO/RECORD –This will create a VBA (Visual BASIC for Applications) subroutine shell Be sure to set the shortcut for executing the macro You may immediately STOP recording or use the recording to create part or all of a macro To Edit an existing Macro, select TOOLS/MACRO/MACROS… –Select the Macro by Name The VBA Programming environment will be selected. You may fill in VBA programming between the start and end.

3. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 3 Creating a Macro to Insert an OSU Logo Record a Macro Set the recorder to “relative” –Later when run the macro will produce results relative to the starting position ctrl-i as shortcut OSU_LOGO as Name Type and Format text Type: OSU into A1 Format as: – Goudy Old Style – 36 pt. – Bold – Color = orange –Cell background = Black Test macro by typing ctl-i

4. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 4 Creating a Macro to Insert an OSU Logo Draw Triangle in “O” –Enable Drawing Toolbar VIEW/TOOLBARS/Drawing –Select and place Triangle Autoshapes/Basic Shapes/Isosceles Triangle Drag triangle to position Stop Recording Test the Macro Modify or Edit to correct errors

5. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 5 Creating a Macro to Add a Function to Excel Functions –Definition: A program that when executed returns a value –Example The “sum” function when inserted in a cell returns the value of the specified sum –User defined functions Spreadsheets typically allow user defined functions to be created Procedure –Open the Visual Basic Editor –Select INSERT/PROCEDURE –Select Function –Enter the function Name –Edit the function –To test, insert the function into a cell in a spreadsheet

6. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 6 Example Function Public Function headloss(f, l, d, v) ' ' Function Headloss ' This function computes headloss in a pipe given the following parameters ' f - Friction Factor ' l - Pipe length ' d - Pipe diameter ' v - Fluid velocity ' Units should be consistent (all metric or all english and compatible headloss = f * (l / d) * ((v * v) / (2 * 9.81)) End Function Variable must be the same as function name Input variables

7. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 7 To Access or Write Cell Values Within a procedure or function –To write “x” into a cell, use the following syntax: Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells(i, j).Value = x –Where Sheet1 is the worksheet title –i is the row of the cell –j is the column of the cell –To read a cell value into “x”, use the following syntax: x = Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells(i, j).Value –Where Sheet1 is the worksheet title –i is the row of the cell –j is the column of the cell In the above example –Worksheet is an object –.Cells is a property –.Value is a property of a property –The properties of an object can be set.

8. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 8 Visual Basic Language Elements Loop (For/Next) –For i = 1 to 100 step 4 Begins a loop which increments i by 4 each time 1 is the initial value for i 100 is the final value for i –Next i Ends the loop of which i is the index i is tested at the end and if greater than or equal to 100 the loop ends Example: For i = 1 To 12 Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells(i, 5).Value = i Next i Writes 12 values into worksheet cells in E1:E12, (column 5 = column E)

9. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 9 Visual Basic Language Elements Conditional Test (IF) –IF (condition) THEN (True clause) ELSE (False clause) ENDIF Example: IF x<5 THEN x=5 ELSE x=0 Example: IF x<5 THEN x=5 ENDIF is used for multiple line clauses –Conditional operators: –Less than –Less than or equal = –Not equal <> For i = 2 To 12 IF i = 6 THEN Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells(i, 5).Value = "SIX” Else Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells(i, 5).Value = I ENDIF Next i

10. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 10 Objects and Properties Elements that may be referenced are: –Objects (Cells, Worksheets, ChartTitle, etc.) Can contain properties, methods, other objects –Properties (Value, Size, etc.) –Methods (Clear, Copy, etc.) Property Reference example: Font.Size = 9 - Font is an object, size is a property Method example Worksheet(“sheet1”).Range(“a1:c3”).Copy Worksheet and Range are objects, Copy is a method

11. 11 10/10/2005 BAE 1012 11 Relative references in Macros Regarding relative or absolute in macro recording –The references to movement recorded within a macro can be absolute cell references or relative to starting position Relative or absolute is toggled with the icon button provided with the start/stop button for macro recording