1. Research Papers Remember, when you write your research paper, you must document everything that you borrow-not only direct quotations and paraphrases but also information and ideas. Remember, when you write your research paper, you must document everything that you borrow-not only direct quotations and paraphrases but also information and ideas. DO NOT present information as if it were your own creation DO NOT present information as if it were your own creation

2. Modern Language Association From: Guajome Park Academy “MLA style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and using English language in writing. MLA style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Work Cited pages.” “MLA style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and using English language in writing. MLA style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Work Cited pages.” Why use MLA? It builds credibility of author, shows accountability for source material, and protects against accusations of plagiarism. Why use MLA? It builds credibility of author, shows accountability for source material, and protects against accusations of plagiarism.

3. MLA Documentation (Modern Language Association) In MLA style, you acknowledge your sources by keying brief parenthetical citations (in-text citations or documentation) in your text to an alphabetical list of works that appears at the end of your paper (also known as a works cited). Citation immediately follows a quotation from a source or a paraphrase of a source’s ideas. In MLA style, you acknowledge your sources by keying brief parenthetical citations (in-text citations or documentation) in your text to an alphabetical list of works that appears at the end of your paper (also known as a works cited). Citation immediately follows a quotation from a source or a paraphrase of a source’s ideas. “…who lived in 6 th century bc” (Marcuse 197). “…who lived in 6 th century bc” (Marcuse 197). The citation “(Marcuse 197)” tells readers that the information in the sentence was derived from page 197 of a work by an author whose last name is Marcuse. If readers want more info. about this source, they can turn to the works cited list, where they will find all of the info. pertaining to that source. The citation “(Marcuse 197)” tells readers that the information in the sentence was derived from page 197 of a work by an author whose last name is Marcuse. If readers want more info. about this source, they can turn to the works cited list, where they will find all of the info. pertaining to that source.

4. In-Text Citation ctd. Quote author’s last name: human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke). If there is a page number that you found this source on (not the print out page), then put that after the last name. i.e: …” (Burke 57). Quote author’s last name: human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke). If there is a page number that you found this source on (not the print out page), then put that after the last name. i.e: …” (Burke 57).

5. In-Text Citations ctd. If the author’s last name appears in the sentence itself, the citation will have just the page number-if there is no page number, cite a brief version of the article title-if there is no article title cite the actual source or web page. If the author’s last name appears in the sentence itself, the citation will have just the page number-if there is no page number, cite a brief version of the article title-if there is no article title cite the actual source or web page. Example: Wordsworth states that Romantic poetry was “marked by a spontaneous overflow of feelings” (26). Or Example: Wordsworth states that Romantic poetry was “marked by a spontaneous overflow of feelings” (26). Or …” (“Romanticism”). Or …” (americanpoetry.com).

6. Multiple authors Multiple authors are cited like a single author citation; however, both names are included, and joined by the word “and”: Multiple authors are cited like a single author citation; however, both names are included, and joined by the word “and”: Example: …” (Cortez and Jones 56). Example: …” (Cortez and Jones 56). 3 authors: …” (Byron et al 56).-Always give the name of the the first author mentioned. 3 authors: …” (Byron et al 56).-Always give the name of the the first author mentioned. Multiple authors should be cited by the order in which their names appear in/on the source Multiple authors should be cited by the order in which their names appear in/on the source

7. Websites Cite the writer’s last name first; Cite the writer’s last name first; If there is no author, cite the article title If there is no author, cite the article title If there is no article title, just general information used, cite the web url. If there is no article title, just general information used, cite the web url. Example: …” (James). Or …” (“Basketball”). Or …” (www.espn.com). Example: …” (James). Or …” (“Basketball”). Or …” (www.espn.com).

8. In-text Citations ctd. If there is no author, you should do an in-text citation of the first word of the title of the article…(“Global…”). If there is no author or title-cite the website url: (www.time.com). If there are page numbers from the original source, (not the print-out pages) include those too. If there is no author, you should do an in-text citation of the first word of the title of the article…(“Global…”). If there is no author or title-cite the website url: (www.time.com). If there are page numbers from the original source, (not the print-out pages) include those too.www.time.com If you introduce a writer as a part of your lead- in to that piece of data-you do not have to cite the name again; however, give credit to the source it is coming from. If you introduce a writer as a part of your lead- in to that piece of data-you do not have to cite the name again; however, give credit to the source it is coming from.

9. Introductory Paragraph Guidelines: Strong, relevant attention getter Background: Explain why this topic is debated. Bring in some background information to set your reader with context. Present both sides of the issue, including the opposition (briefly): some say, although, etc. Thesis should be the last sentence of the paragraph-it should contain the topic, position and your points of reasoning

10. Must Haves Checklist: 4 different sources used and cited (minimum) 4 different sources used and cited (minimum) 6 separate pieces of data/evidence (minimum) 6 separate pieces of data/evidence (minimum) 2-3 pages minimum ( not including works cited), typed double spaced 2-3 pages minimum ( not including works cited), typed double spaced Proper heading and headers-format is correct Proper heading and headers-format is correct No contractions No contractions No first or second person pronouns (unless in a quote) No first or second person pronouns (unless in a quote)

11. Must Haves Checklist Ctd. Final typed draft with work cited page Final typed draft with work cited page Rough draft including edits Rough draft including edits Any other drafts and edits Any other drafts and edits Memo Memo Research question Research question Rough thesis Rough thesis Rough works cited page Rough works cited page Research/notes taken Research/notes taken Evaluating sources Evaluating sources

12. Paper Formatting (see format guide for formal papers handout) Font-times New Roman Font-times New Roman Text size-12 Text size-12 Double Space entire paper Double Space entire paper Margins- 1 inch on all sides Margins- 1 inch on all sides 1st line of paragraphs indented one half inch (1 tab) 1st line of paragraphs indented one half inch (1 tab) Proper heading in upper left hand corner of the page Proper heading in upper left hand corner of the page Header in the upper right hand corner that includes your last name, then a space with a page number Header in the upper right hand corner that includes your last name, then a space with a page number Center title of the document-make sure the document captures the essence of your paper and does not merely state the topic. With titles, DO NOT underline, put in all caps, bold, italics make bigger, put in quotation marks; keep it simple Center title of the document-make sure the document captures the essence of your paper and does not merely state the topic. With titles, DO NOT underline, put in all caps, bold, italics make bigger, put in quotation marks; keep it simple No separate title page unless the teacher wants it No separate title page unless the teacher wants it Staple the pages together in the upper left corner. Staple the pages together in the upper left corner. Print on only one side of quality paper in BLACK ink. Print on only one side of quality paper in BLACK ink.