1. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu US East Coast ROMS/TOMS Projects North Atlantic Basin (NATL) Northeast North American shelf (NENA) NSF CoOP Buoyancy driven flow (LaTTE) CBLAST-Low Northeast Observing System (NEOS) John Wilkin H. Arango, K. Fennel, L. Lanerolle, J. Levin Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University

2. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu Nested Interdisciplinary Modeling along the U.S. East Coast John Wilkin (http://marine.rutgers.edu/~wilkin)http://marine.rutgers.edu/~wilkin Katja Fennel

3. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu Northeast Observing System (NEOS)

4. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu NEOS Assimilate regional CODAR with 4D-Var Assimilate regional CODAR with 4D-Var Use tangent linear and adjoint to develop AUV deployment stategiesUse tangent linear and adjoint to develop AUV deployment stategies Apply multiple-scale nesting in support of subregion studies (LaTTE, CBLAST …) Apply multiple-scale nesting in support of subregion studies (LaTTE, CBLAST …)

5. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu Precise observations of air-sea fluxes and turbulent mixing from CBLAST are ideal for evaluating the suite of ocean model vertical turbulence closure schemes implemented in ROMS. Precise observations of air-sea fluxes and turbulent mixing from CBLAST are ideal for evaluating the suite of ocean model vertical turbulence closure schemes implemented in ROMS. This comparison will be possible provided the model captures the essential features of the ocean heat budget on diurnal to several day time-scales, and spatial scales of order 1 km. This comparison will be possible provided the model captures the essential features of the ocean heat budget on diurnal to several day time-scales, and spatial scales of order 1 km. Modeling complements the interpretation of the field observations by quantifying unobserved lateral transport and mixing of heat. Modeling complements the interpretation of the field observations by quantifying unobserved lateral transport and mixing of heat. CBLAST: Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer The ONR CBLAST-Low program focuses on air-sea interaction and coupled atmosphere/ocean boundary layer dynamics at low wind speeds where processes are strongly modulated by thermal forcing.

6. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.eduMVCO Nantucket SODAR K ASIT ASIMET moorings with ocean T(z) and ADCP RemoteSensingAircraft3-D Moorin g CBLAST-Low Observing System:

7. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu Lagrangian Transport and Transformation Experiment (LaTTE) Dye release in Hudson River plume Dye release in Hudson River plume 4D-var assimilation with ROMS 4D-var assimilation with ROMS Coupled bio-optical modeling with EcoSim Coupled bio-optical modeling with EcoSim

8. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu North Atlantic Simulation. Resolution: 1/10 deg. Grid is 1000x1000x30; Disk space for input datasets: 15.7 Gb Monthly climatology (12 records 250 Mb each) Wind forcing (7 years of daily records 4.8 Mb each) Surface fluxes (12 records 32 Mb each) Disk space for model output: 280 Gb 3 day averages for 7 years (854 records 325 Mb each) Simulation runs on 32 processors of SGI Origin 3000 Total memory 11 Gb One day of simulation take 46 CPU hours Wall clock time to run 7 years of simulation: 153 days.

9. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu 14 months of simulation, starting Jan 1993 Temperature at 100 m depth.

10. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu Though the MAB shelf is somewhat isolated from remote forcing, the salinity of the Scotian Shelf inflow plays a significant role in interannual variability of the MAB and preconditions water masses and stratification inshore from the shelf- slope front. Though the MAB shelf is somewhat isolated from remote forcing, the salinity of the Scotian Shelf inflow plays a significant role in interannual variability of the MAB and preconditions water masses and stratification inshore from the shelf- slope front. Present NENA solutions have a weak, or reversed, Maine Coastal Current because of inadequate salinity open boundary conditions on the Scotian Shelf. Present NENA solutions have a weak, or reversed, Maine Coastal Current because of inadequate salinity open boundary conditions on the Scotian Shelf. Accordingly, we wish to move beyond nesting within a climatologically forced model to 1-way nesting of NENA within the HYCOM data assimilating North Atlantic model. This development will apply inter-annual variability to the a priori inflow open boundary conditions of the NENA/NEOS models. Accordingly, we wish to move beyond nesting within a climatologically forced model to 1-way nesting of NENA within the HYCOM data assimilating North Atlantic model. This development will apply inter-annual variability to the a priori inflow open boundary conditions of the NENA/NEOS models. Gulf Stream variability at Cape Hatteras influences the exchange of shelf and slope waters at the terminus of the southwestward MAB coastal current, so the open boundary model must achieve a realistic GS separation Gulf Stream variability at Cape Hatteras influences the exchange of shelf and slope waters at the terminus of the southwestward MAB coastal current, so the open boundary model must achieve a realistic GS separation We are also developing 1-way nesting of NENA within the approximately 7-km resolution European Mercator North Atlantic operational 14-day forecast system. We are also developing 1-way nesting of NENA within the approximately 7-km resolution European Mercator North Atlantic operational 14-day forecast system. Need open boundary conditions from an assimilative North Atlantic model

11. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu Hierarchy of modeling studies from basin to coastal using ROMS/TOMS tools Hierarchy of modeling studies from basin to coastal using ROMS/TOMS tools Processes: CO 2 cycling, buoyancy-driven flow, wind-driven upwelling, air-sea interaction, coastal bio-optics and sediment transport Processes: CO 2 cycling, buoyancy-driven flow, wind-driven upwelling, air-sea interaction, coastal bio-optics and sediment transport Integrated observational/modeling studies Integrated observational/modeling studies CBLAST: air-sea interaction, waves, mixing CBLAST: air-sea interaction, waves, mixing LaTTE: intensive observing systems LaTTE: intensive observing systems NEOS: prototype modern, relocatable, observing network NEOS: prototype modern, relocatable, observing network Adjoint, tangent linear codes feature in most projects Adjoint, tangent linear codes feature in most projects Developing coastal prediction systems Developing coastal prediction systems using new observing system capabilities, adaptive sampling design, 4D-Var using new observing system capabilities, adaptive sampling design, 4D-Var Summary

12. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu

13. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu Gulf of Maine: Surface inflow of relatively fresh water from the Scotian Shelf and onshore flow of dense slope water at depth via deep channels produce an estuarine-like circulation. This fosters shelf/deep-ocean exchange strongly steered by bathymetry. Gulf of Maine: Surface inflow of relatively fresh water from the Scotian Shelf and onshore flow of dense slope water at depth via deep channels produce an estuarine-like circulation. This fosters shelf/deep-ocean exchange strongly steered by bathymetry. U.S. East Coast oceanography and open boundary conditions

14. dale haidvogel dale@marine.rutgers.edu Mid-Atlantic Bight: GoM waters exit around Cape Cod and feed a southwestward mean flow on the broad (100-200 km) and shallow (100-200 m) MAB shelf. The shelf-slope front separates fresh/cool shelf waters from saltier/warmer slope water, isolating the shelf from deep ocean influences and admitting a greater forcing role for riverine buoyancy input than is typical of, e.g., the US West Coast shelf. Mid-Atlantic Bight: GoM waters exit around Cape Cod and feed a southwestward mean flow on the broad (100-200 km) and shallow (100-200 m) MAB shelf. The shelf-slope front separates fresh/cool shelf waters from saltier/warmer slope water, isolating the shelf from deep ocean influences and admitting a greater forcing role for riverine buoyancy input than is typical of, e.g., the US West Coast shelf. Water mass properties and drifter trajectories in the MAB reveal increasing exchange of shelf waters with the adjacent deep ocean as the southwestward mean flow approaches Cape Hatteras. Water mass properties and drifter trajectories in the MAB reveal increasing exchange of shelf waters with the adjacent deep ocean as the southwestward mean flow approaches Cape Hatteras.