1. Social Institutions “The Family”

2. So, what exactly is a family? The Debate over Family Definitions: a group of people related by either blood, marriage, or adoption a social institution that unites individuals into cooperative groups that care for one another, including any children people with or without legal or blood ties who feel they belong together - definition varies from society to society - definition can change over time

3. Family of Orientation: family that one is born into ∞Gives name identity ∞Give heritage ∞Gives ascribed status ∞Grants orientation to the world Family of Procreation: established upon marriage ∞Legal to have children ∞Gives name ∞Becomes ones family of orientation ∞Grants orientation to the world

4. Basic Types of Families Nuclear Family: family structure comprised of parent(s) and children Extended Family: family structure comprised of two or more generations of adults who live in the same household & share economic resources

5. Which Sitcom Represents Which? Family MattersThe Simpsons

6. Additions to Family Types Blended Family: family structure formed when at least partner in a marriage has been married before and has children from the previous marriage Single Parent Family: family structure in which one parent is head of household raising children without other parent

7. Additions to Family Types Childless Family: family structure in which the married couple choose to or cannot have children Same Sex Family: family structure composed of a homosexual couple living together as a family with or without children

8. Which Sitcom Represents Which? Modern Family King of Queens The Brady Bunch Full House

9. Family Structure Head of FamilyPatrilinealMatrilinealBilateral For Descent & Inheritance Male LineFemale LineBoth Equally ExampleIran & IraqPueblo PeopleUnited States Authority In Family: PatriarchyMatriarchyEqualitarian WhoOldest MaleOldest FemaleShared By Both ExampleIraq & ChinaRare/ObsoleteUnited States

10. Marriage Two Basic Forms of Marriage ℗Monogamy: marriage between one man & one women ℗Polygamy: marriage of man/women to more than one person Two Types of Marriage ℗Exogamy: marriage to person outside kind or group ℗Result: Heterogamy (different) ℗Ex: outside blood line ℗Endogamy: marriage to person inside kind or group ℗Result: Homogamy (similar) ℗Ex: within race/age/caste

11. Reasons for Marriage o Love o Arrangement o Economic Benefit o Social Class o Companionship

12. Reasons for Divorce o Personal Factors - age - years -quality o Societal Factors - economic changes - generational change - independence - values/attitudes of society 10% of American adults over age 15 are divorced! Divorce rate is ten times what it was a century ago!

13. Recent Family Trends Ways in which American families are changing: ℗Cohabitation: people living together without marrying 500,000 in 1970 to 5.6 million in 2005 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2006) 9% of all couples (U.S. Census Bureau, 2005) ℗Postponing Marriage: people are delaying marriage 1950 average median age for marriage was 20.3 (women) & 22.8 (men) 2003 average median age jumped to 25.3 (women) & 27.1 (men) (U.S. Census Bureau, 2004) ℗Single Parents: children being raised by just one parent ℗ 2005 1 in 3 families with children under 18 had just one parent in the household 9 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2006) ℗ Since 1970 the number has more than doubled ℗Same-Sex Families: movement to win the right to marry ℗ 25% of same-sex couples are raising children (U.S. Census Bureau, 2002) ℗Mothers Joining the Workforce: ℗ 18% of young children are spending time in child-care programs (Urban Institute, 2004)