2. FR IT UK

3. -Hellenic Army Interpreter Officers -Hellenic Army Interpreter Officers -Linguistic Services within the Hellenic Army -International Standardisation

4. Plato, Theætetus (163c): “but we do not perceive through sight or hearing, and we do not know, what the grammarians and interpreters teach about them …” Plato, Theætetus (163c): “but we do not perceive through sight or hearing, and we do not know, what the grammarians and interpreters teach about them …” better knowledge of each and every profession is obtained through correct education and training better knowledge of each and every profession is obtained through correct education and training

6. Mission - Translation of documents - Interpreting during all levels of activities: * Operations, exercises and training * Operations, exercises and training * Contacts of Hellenic and foreign military authorities * Contacts of Hellenic and foreign military authorities * Cooperation and acquisition committees * Cooperation and acquisition committees * Court hearings, command presentations, film doubling * Court hearings, command presentations, film doubling Linguistic and secretariat services during international conferences Linguistic and secretariat services during international conferences Escort of foreign dignitaries and delegations Escort of foreign dignitaries and delegations - Selection and training of interpreters, both Officers and enlisted personnel for the needs of the Hellenic Army - Operation of Translation Offices

8. -Holders of a university degree in translation and interpretation, or in studies in the foreign language abroad and in Greece -Fit for military service, both physically and mentally -Not more than 28 years of age -Desirable knowledge of a second foreign language: Arab, English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Turkish, and the Balkan ones

9. -Applications controlled by a commission, with Interpreter and Recruiting Corps Officers -Admitted applicants undergo medical, physical and mental fitness tests, similar to those in effect for field specialties candidate Officers. -After successfully passing the initial tests, oral and written examinations

10. Oral and Written *In Greek essay: comprehensive knowledge of and capability to correctly express in the official language. *In the main language selected: -Essay -Direct and reverse translation of 40 lines (times 12 words = 480 words in total) -Direct and reverse interpreting of 10 minutes -Interview with the examiner *In any secondary language optionally: -Essay -Direct and reverse translation of 40 lines -Interview with the examiner

11. * Approximately Level 4444 and above for the main language * Level 3333 and above for the secondary ones as defined by STANAG 6001 and the Standard Language Profiles Descriptions in Amplification of this NATO STANAG, issued by the Defence School of Languages in May 1996

12. Basic Infantry Soldiering: 4 weeks Basic Infantry Soldiering: 4 weeks Infantry Reserve Officers School course: 3 ½ months Infantry Reserve Officers School course: 3 ½ months

13. Application school; Other Corps’ Advanced Course in the Infantry School; decision for attendance of colleges Application school; Other Corps’ Advanced Course in the Infantry School; decision for attendance of colleges Linguistic post-university and specialisation studies (Defence Language Institute (DLI) USA?) Linguistic post-university and specialisation studies (Defence Language Institute (DLI) USA?) On-the-job training On-the-job training Incentives to all Officers to learn foreign languages (Hellenic Army Military School for Foreign Languages; financing the obtaining of language proficiency titles, such as the State Certificate of Language Proficiency, foreign university diplomas, etc)

14. Civilians, Translators / Interpreters, of university or secondary education degree Civilians, Translators / Interpreters, of university or secondary education degree Contracted through Defence civilian agencies Contracted through Defence civilian agencies Serving in any Defence post, not necessarily in the Translation Offices Serving in any Defence post, not necessarily in the Translation Offices Interpreter Reserve Soldiers Interpreter Reserve Soldiers English, French, Italian, Spanish, Russian and Turkish English, French, Italian, Spanish, Russian and Turkish Officers – Civilians – Reserve Soldiers

15. HAGS Standing Order 0 – 35 / 2007 Operation of a Translation Office Operation of a Translation Office Job Description of the Director of the Translation Office within the HAGS Job Description of the Director of the Translation Office within the HAGS On-the-job training of new Interpreter Officers On-the-job training of new Interpreter Officers

16. Quality translation and interpreting services *Accuracy of expression Quality translation and interpreting services *Accuracy of expression *Sophisticated language *Width of complex topics -Translation methods, aids, timings and priorities -Interpreting methods and procedures

17. Continuous training Continuous training Exploitation of the experience of senior colleagues Exploitation of the experience of senior colleagues Prompt use of suitable general and specialised dictionaries and other reference materials (such as regulations, directives, magazines, etc) Prompt use of suitable general and specialised dictionaries and other reference materials (such as regulations, directives, magazines, etc) Translation and interpreting should not complement or embellish the original written or oral speech; not provoke any misunderstanding for its true meaning; and therefore not deny from the possibility to realise that the text or expression is incomprehensible, incoherent, fragmentary or erroneous Translation and interpreting should not complement or embellish the original written or oral speech; not provoke any misunderstanding for its true meaning; and therefore not deny from the possibility to realise that the text or expression is incomprehensible, incoherent, fragmentary or erroneous

18. -Professional Ethics -Protection of Information, on a right-to-know basis -Personal confidence -Protection of personal data -Non-disclosure of relevant information, not even to persons with a respective security clearance, but without right of access Rules of duty also apply to other military and civilian personnel, providing informal translation / interpreting services.

19. -Vital contribution to the combined operational effectiveness of the military forces of alliances or coalitions -Better use of economic resources -Operating together (interoperability); sharing common doctrine and procedures; not necessary to have common military equipment - important to share common facilities and be able to communicate -No duplication in the research, development, production, procurement and logistic support -Pooling of resources -Synergies among countries

20. -Interoperability through joint planning, training and exercises during the Cold War -Practice during joint operations in the Balkans and Afghanistan -Promulgation of NATO Standardisation Agreements (STANAGs) -NATO countries through the Conference of National Armaments Directors (CNADs) and the NATO Standardisation Organisation (NSO) -NATO Staff through the NATO Committee for Standardisation, the NATO Standardisation Staff Group and the NATO Standardisation Agency (NSA)

21. -Standardisation and interoperability mainly led by the central European institutions -Valuable work of other organisations, such as NATO, Finabel and the Council of Europe -Linguistic-related documentation on standardisation and interoperability by those organisations and the International Standardisation Organisation (ISO)

22. -Terminology for functional, organisational and operational documentation translation and interpreting, with standardised wording: *Military terminology (national, NATO, EU, Finabel, etc) or of other international organisations (e.g. ISO, IEC, ICAO, etc). *National glossaries *Dictionaries of acronyms and abbreviations, authorised symbols, etc. *Language proficiency level (Common European Frame, STANAG 6001, European Council language proficiency levels, etc) -Non-existence of authorised terminology -> use of relevant dictionaries of the private sector (example, “The Concise Oxford English Dictionary” (AAP-6)

23. Correspondence = Communication to one or more external or internal individual or organisation Example - Most common and widely understood abbreviations and acronyms (e.g. ACO, SHAPE, NATO, HQ, U N, PfP, SACEUR) - Other are to be written in full on their first appearance, followed by the abbreviation or acronym in parentheses

24. a.Translation of texts from and to foreign languages b.Military terminology and use of respective aids c.Quality specifications d.Standardisation (national, NATO, EU, Finabel, etc) – familiarisation with acronyms and abbreviations, standardised symbols, allied publications, STANAGs – international organisation terminology (UN, OSCE, ISO, IEC, ICAO) – and in particular STANAG 6001.

25. e.Interpreting from and to foreign languages f.Participation in the organisation of military activities g.Drafting of briefing scripts, film doubling, with or without subtitles, etc. h.General information on the organisation of the Hellenic Defence, International Organisations (UN, NATO, EU, OSCE, Finabel, etc), peace-support operations, defence planning, multilateral military cooperation, logistics, etc.