1. Chapter 8 An Introduction To Metabolism

2. Metabolism

4. Catabolic Pathways

5. Anabolic Pathways

6. Energy

7. Kinetic Energy

8. Potential Energy

9. Activation Energy Potential Energy Activation Energy

10. Energy Transformation u.u.

11. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

12. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

13. Entropy

14. Summary u The quantity of energy in the universe is constant, but its quality is not.

15. Free Energy

16. G = H - TS G = free energy of a system H = total energy of a system T = temperature in o K S = entropy of a system

17. Free Energy of a System

18. Free Energy Changes

19. Spontaneous Process

20. Chemical Reactions

21. Reaction Types u Exergonic: u Endergonic:

22. Exergonic/Endergonic

23. Biological Examples u Exergonic – u Endergonic -

24. Cell - Types of Work

25. Energy Coupling

26. ATP

28. Adenine Ribose Phosphates

29. Key to ATP

30. ATP

32. ATP vs Food u ATP: u Food:

33. ATP Cycles

34. ATP Cycle

35. ATP in Cells u A cell's ATP content is recycled every minute. u Humans use close to their body weight in ATP daily. u No ATP production equals quick death.

36. Enzymes

37. Chemical Reaction AB + CD AC + BD

39. Enzymes

41. Enzyme Terms u Substrate – - ase

42. Enzyme Name

43. Active Site

45. Models of How Enzymes Work 1. 2.

46. Lock and Key Model

47. Induced Fit Model

48. Substrate Active Site

49. Enzymes

50. Factors that Affect Enzymes

51. Environment

53. Cofactors

54. Coenzymes

55. Enzyme Inhibitors u Competitive u Noncompetitive -

57. Allosteric Regulation

59. Control of Metabolism

60. Types of Control

61. Feedback Inhibition u.u.

63. Structural Order

65. Summary u Recognize that Life must follow the Laws of Thermodynamics. u The role of ATP in cell energy. u How enzymes work.