1. DO NOW
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION IN YOUR NOTES
What effects did the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812 have on Americans involved in shipping and foreign trade?

2. Mr. Madison’s War… Gave the United States a National Identity
Held our own against the British
Furthers thoughts of westward expansion
GB and US have positive relations
End of the Federalist Party
Creates a number of national figures
Madison
Andrew Jackson
Uncle Sam

3. Uncle Sam Samuel Wilson, a meat packer from Troy, NY
supplied barrels of beef to the US Army during the War of 1812
supplied barrels of beef to the United States Army during the War of 1812. Wilson ( ) stamped the barrels with "U.S." for United States, but soldiers began referring to the grub as "Uncle Sam's." The local newspaper picked up on the story and Uncle Sam eventually gained widespread acceptance as the nickname for the U.S. federal government.

4. Election of 1816
The United States presidential election of 1816 came at the end of the two-term presidency of Democratic-Republican James Madison. With the opposition Federalist Party in collapse, Madison's Secretary of State, James Monroe, had an advantage in winning the nomination against a divided opposition. Monroe won the electoral college by the wide margin of 183 to 34.
The previous four years were dominated by the War of While it had not ended in victory, the peace was nonetheless satisfactory to the American people, and the Democratic-Republicans received the credit for its prosecution. The Federalists had been discredited by their opposition to the war and secessionist rhetoric from New England. Furthermore, President Madison had adopted such Federalist policies as a national bank and protective tariffs, which would give the Federalists few issues to campaign on.
Welcome: Indiana becomes a state during this election cycle
Issues of the Day: War of 1812

5. James Monroe “Era of Good Feelings” 1817–1825
the last president from the Founding Fathers of the United States
Phrase coined by Monroe during a good will tour of New England (make amends after Hartford Convention)
Served with Washington at Trenton
Governor of Virginia
Member of Articles of Confederation Congress
Minister to England, France, and Spain
Secretary of State and War
1817–1825

6. Election of 1820 Issues of the Day:
depression following the Panic of 1819
extension of slavery into the territories
The United States presidential election of 1820 was the third and last presidential election in United States history in which a candidate ran effectively unopposed. (The previous two were the presidential elections of 1789 and 1792, in which George Washington ran without serious opposition.) President James Monroe and Vice President Daniel D. Tompkins were re-elected without a serious campaign.
Despite the continuation of single party politics (known in this case as the Era of Good Feelings), serious issues emerged during the election in The nation had endured a widespread depression following the Panic of 1819 and the momentous issue of the extension of slavery into the territories was taking center stage. Nevertheless, James Monroe faced no opposition party or candidate in his reelection bid, although he did not receive all the electoral votes (see below).
Monroe won every state; one Elector selected Adams so the result was not unanimous
Welcome: Alabama, Illinois, Maine, Mississippi and Missouri become states during this election cycle
One Elector each from Mississippi, Pennsylvania and Tennessee died & those votes were not cast
Monroe won New Hampshire; however one Elector cast a vote for Adams
Issues of the Day: Slavery (Missouri Compromise)

7. Nationalism: War of 1812 American System Foreign Policy
-a devotion or loyalty
to one's nation
-extreme patriotism
War of 1812
American System
Foreign Policy

8. 1. The War of 1812 United America against a common enemy
Resurrected the Spirit of ’76
Created a new set of ideas and figures known to the entire nation

9. 2. The American System
Strongly supported by Madison & Henry Clay… Why?
Needed NATIONAL UNITY
Consisted of 3 Parts:
National Bank (Again)
Protective Tariffs
Federally supported Internal Improvements

10. Speaker of the House: Henry Clay
Representative from Kentucky
War Hawk before the War of 1812
Prominent defender of the American System

11. Control the revenue and money
1. The 2nd National Bank
Second National Bank was chartered in 1816
WHY?
War of 1812 Debt
Job of National Bank:
Control the revenue and money
system in US
First National Bank was not renewed in 1811
Charter Expired

12. 2. Protective Tariffs Tariff of 1816 passed under Madison
Tariff – tax on imported goods
Madison raised tax to % on all foreign goods
WHY?
Purpose was to assist American industries
People will buy American goods > foreign goods = Good for American Businesses
Passed with the help of Monroe’s future cabinet, Westerner Henry Clay and Southern John Calhoun
Why southern support? Continued nationalism and disdain over GB’s actions in offloading goods in an attempt to regain US markets

13. 3. Internal Improvements
1807 – Steamships (Robert Fulton)
Helps farmers ship goods
1820’s & 30’s – Macadam Roads
Helps settlers move west
1825 – Erie Canal
Connects New York City with Lake Erie
1828 – B&O (Baltimore & Ohio) Railroad
Transportation of the future

14. Erie Canal

15. Railroads

16. Why was slavery voluntarily abolished in the North?
Do Now
Why was slavery voluntarily abolished in the North?

17. Nationalism: War of 1812 American System Foreign Policy
-a devotion or loyalty
to one's nation
-extreme patriotism
War of 1812
American System
Foreign Policy

18. 3. Foreign Policy

19. Foreign Policy Monroe Doctrine Western Hemispheric Control
Western Hemisphere is for the USA
Isolationism w/ Europe

21. James Monroe - Era of Good Feelings

23. Missouri Compromise By 1819, slavery all but dead in North
West of Mississippi River no clear boundary for slavery
By 1819, Missouri’s population reached 60,000

24. Interactive Map: Missouri Compromise

25. Balance of Free and Slave States (1821)
Maine (1820)
Missouri (1821)
Missouri Compromise
• Missouri admitted as a slave state,
Maine admitted as a free state.
Illinois (1818)
Alabama (1819)
Indiana (1816)
Mississippi (1817)
Ohio (1803)
Louisiana (1812)
Vermont (1791)
Tennessee (1796)
Rhode Island
Kentucky (1792)
New York
Virginia
New Hampshire
North Carolina
Massachusetts
South Carolina
Connecticut
Maryland
New Jersey
Georgia
Pennsylvania
Delaware
Original 13 States
Free States
Slave States

26. • Slavery allowed in the part of the Louisiana Purchase south of the 36 , 30'N.
• Slavery banned north of 36 , 30'N, except for Missouri.

27. Panic of 1819 America’s 1st national economic market failure
Causes include:
Public debt from War of 1812
Decline in European demand for US crops/cotton
2nd National Bank’s efforts to control inflation