1. Foreshortening Volume is stacked against itself in space when you foreshorten. Antonio de Correggio (Italian Renaissance), The Vision of St. John on Patmos, 1520-23

3. The fresco "Assumption of the Virgin into Heaven" was not well received when it was unveiled in 1530. "A mess of frogs' legs", the bishop of Parma is said to have called it. Today Correggio is acclaimed as one of the leading masters of Mannerist painting.

5. MANTEGNA, Andrea The Lamentation over the Dead Christ c. 1490 Tempera on canvas, 68 x 81 cm

6. Philip Pearlstein Philip Pearlstein Iron Bed and Plastic Chair, 1999, oil on canvas, 59.5 x 39.5 inches, Philip Pearlstein, courtesy Robert Miller Gallery, New York.

7. Philip Pearlstein Model with Swan Decoy on Ladder 2002 oil on canvas, 50 x 34 inches

8. Christ of Saint John of the Cross 1951. Oil and canvas, 205 x 116 cm. Glasgow Art Gallery and Museum

10. Exercise in Cylinders and Boxes. Make free-hand drawings of cylinders in various positions, especially one that will show the visible end of a cylinder appearing nearly as a straight line (as in A in the accompanying illustration) and the invisible end (B) appearing as an ellipse, the width depending upon the length of the cylinder the longer the cylinder, the wider the ellipse.

11. Portions of the human hand and even the fingers when seen in foreshortened positions may be considered in the aspect of circles, ovals or cylinders drawn in perspective.