1. 1 Policing in America What do police do?

2. 2 Principles of Democracy 4 Constitutional Government 4 Separation of Power 4 Federalism 4 Rule of Law 4 Civil Rights 4 Majority Rule 4 Individualism 4 Human Dignity 4 Social Justice 4 Constitutional Government 4 Separation of Power 4 Federalism 4 Rule of Law 4 Civil Rights 4 Majority Rule 4 Individualism 4 Human Dignity 4 Social Justice

3. 3 Police and the Law Legitimate Social Structure Regulate Social Conduct Regulate Freedom Resolve Disputes Substantive Law Procedural Law Common Law Civil Law Case Law Purposes of Law Forms of Law

4. 4 Police Roles & Functions Investigate Crime Make Arrests Crime in Progress Serve Warrants Interrogate Suspects Investigate People Investigate Suspicious Situations Break up Fights Domestic Disturbances Public Disorders Law EnforcementOrder Maintenance Miscellaneous ServiceConvenience Norms Stranded or Lost Motorists Medical Services Lost Children Provide Information Assist Lock-outs Traffic Accidents Issue Parking Tickets Direct Traffic Suggest Road Changes Issue Traffic Citations

5. 5 Expenditures by Function Source: BJS; Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts. Note: Does not include intergovernmental expenditures such as Federal grants, but these dollars are included as direct expenditures by the recipient government when they are spent for slares, supplies, and so on.

6. 6 Police Calls for Service Wilson 10 30 22 38 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Law Enforcement Order Maintenance Information Gathering Service Percentage

7. 7 Police Activities Police Services Study

8. 8 Police Activities Minneapolis Study

9. 9 Police Activities Wilmington Study

10. 10 Employment by State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies in the United States 531,495 263,427 82,261 61,022 0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 Local Police SheriffsState Police Special Police Employees

11. 11 Federal Law Enforcement Agencies Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms Internal Revenue Service U.S. Customs & Border Protection U.S. Secret Service Federal Bureau of Investigation Drug Enforcement Administration U.S. Marshal Service Immigration & Naturalization Service Treasury Department Justice Department