1. Collage: A presentation tool for the K-12 Classroom Presented by Kanav GoyalAbhinav Uppal

2. Introduction What is K-12 classroom? “Use of technology in the form of computers and projectors is becoming increasingly common in schools even in the developing regions” Microsoft PowerPoint is the most commonly adopted method for creating presentations, but how convenient is it for school teachers and how useful is it for K-12 classrooms? Typically school teachers would not want to alter their pedagogical styles hence technological aids should integrate themselves within classroom pedagogy

3. Related Work Interactive White Board Expensive setup No research on presentation software associated with it Classroom Presenter Designed for higher education Primary focus on inking CP works just on PowerPoint slides Document Camera or visualizer Allows digital projection of paper based content Does not support addition of digital multimedia content

4. Presentation tools and Pedagogy Common Belief : Instructing using PowerPoint increases their engagement levels and increases student productivity Research shows that difference in learning outcomes is often not significant Studies have also shown that the learning benefits of presentation software can be greatly improved by enabling post-instructional access to the content of the presentation

5. Initial Ethnography 11 schools, 24 teachers, 21 classroom observations More than 6 computers per school 6 schools possessed a digital projector and 1 school had one projectors Teachers had an experience of 2 to 26 years and spoke atleast 5 different languages 2 of the 21 classroom observations involved the use of Digital technologies

6. Findings Under-utilization of technology Reasons Lack of proficiency of using computers Not confident technology users Lack of expertise with typing Lack of sufficient time to prepare the content beforehand In an independent survey of 41 school teachers, it was found that on an average the teachers spent 5.5 hours preparing PowerPoint presentations for a 40 minutes lecture Main usage of the technology was to show pictures and videos

7. Design Principles Keep it Simple Minimalize time for preparation Minimalize typing Display Images Easy display of multimedia Exploit Paper Help exploit content already present in everyday use

8. The Development Process Plain Image Viewer kind of interface Paper integration Allows teachers to write notes on paper and use in presentation Interaction with the content Rectangle selection Page elements Zoom facility Features based on teacher feedback Page decks, textbox facility, inking

9. The Development Process Features developed on field Whiteboard Page Occlusion Deleted features Word selection Hyper linking 50 iterations

10. Deployment Collage was deployed in 3 schools 2 teachers from one schools and 4 from the other 2 schools Used in 43 classes (40 hours of classroom usage) Training required at most 2 man hours per teacher, compared to almost 15 days to learn PowerPoint

11. Demo

12. Evaluation Qualitative feedback from 6 different users Flexibility of presentation Ease of content preparation Suitability for display of visual materials Downsides of collage

13. Conclusion A tool for K-12 classroom presentations The deployment results suggest distinct advantages over PowerPoint The findings of the project are at large applicable to those who have a limited computer proficiency and who have greater inclination for using paper based tools