1. AOGS2006 Singapore, Jul 10-14, 2006 Development of Advanced Precise Positioning System (APPS) for Automated Geodetic GPS Processing Development of Advanced Precise Positioning System (APPS) for Automated Geodetic GPS Processing ICHIKAWA Ryuichi and KOYAMA Yasuhiro Kashima Space Research Center, NICT Xiong MIN and KANZAKI Masayuki Nippon GPS Solution Corporation

2. Overview  Motivation  APPS System Description  APPS Processing Procedure  Examples of Processing Results  Concluding Remarks

3. Motivation  millimeter positioning using GPS [Rocken and Johnson, 1999] only geodetic specialistonly geodetic specialist multi-hour static data setsmulti-hour static data sets dual-frequency GPS receiverdual-frequency GPS receiver high quality GPS orbithigh quality GPS orbit earth ’ s physical modelearth ’ s physical model  earth rotation parameters  atmospheric mapping function  earth tide (solid, ocean, and atmosphere) highly sophisticated softwarehighly sophisticated software high level of data processing expertisehigh level of data processing expertise  Easy to Use!! Our purpose -> User can get highly accurate relative positions using just one GPS receiver without any geodetic understandings.Our purpose -> User can get highly accurate relative positions using just one GPS receiver without any geodetic understandings.

4. Similar Online GPS Processing Services  AUSPOS the Australian Surveying and Land Information Group (AUSLIG) Online GPS Processing System, Australiathe Australian Surveying and Land Information Group (AUSLIG) Online GPS Processing System, Australia http://www.ga.gov.au/geodesy/sgc/wwwgps/http://www.ga.gov.au/geodesy/sgc/wwwgps/  OPUS the On-line Positioning User Service provided by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), USAthe On-line Positioning User Service provided by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), USA http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/

5. Comparison with other services AUSPOSOPUSAPPS User location Anywhere on Earth North and central America Anywhere on Earth FTP option YESNOYES Mail service NONOYES Web service YESYES Under development Orbit selection NONOYES Tropospheric delay estimation NONOYES

6. System Descriptions  APPS works with data collected anywhere on Earth  Server system PC specificationPC specification  Dual Xeon CPU (2.8GHz, 1MB L2 cache, 800MHz FSB) with 2GB DDR Memory OSOS  Red Hat Enterprise Linux GPS data processing softwareGPS data processing software  Bernese Ver.4.2 [Hugentobler et al., 2001]

7. Reference stations for user data processing using APPS  International GNSS Service (IGS) tracking station: more than 340 stations

8. Reference stations for user data processing using APPS (contd.)   GEONET (The Geographical Survey Institute (GSI) of Japan is operating the GPS earth observation network (GEONET) consisting of more than 1200 continuous GPS stations in Japan. IGS tracking station GEONET station APPS processes the user data with the data at the three most closest stations automatically. User can choose any IGS and GEONET stations as reference stations manually.

9. APPS processing procedure  GPS observation by user  To transfer GPS data to APPS server by e-mailby e-mail user ’ s FTP serveruser ’ s FTP server by WEB site (under development)by WEB site (under development)  User GPS data is processed by APPS.  To send back processed results to user  Processing of multiple data files is available.

10. APPS Processing Procedure (contd.) Subject: FORM for APPS PROCESS Date: Wed, 5 Jul 2006 09:38:14 +0900 (JST) From: APPS To: ****@XXX.XXX.XX ############################################## Hello, I'm automail service in APPS Thanks to have a contact with me! If you'd like to use this service, please notice the format below ############################################## ##### header part ##### To: apps@nict.go.jp Subject: PROCESS ##### body part ##### #APPS_BODY_START TIME_WIND 00:00:00 23:59:59 0 CUT-OFF 15 SAMPLING 120 PRODUCTS igs FIX_AVE FIXED COMPARE FTP-PATH ELEV-DEP COSZ MAP_FUNC DRY_NIELL EST_TRP LINEAR 8 1 OUT_FORM SNX TRO #APPS_BODY_END ##### attachment file ##### rinex file (????????.??o or ????????.??d) Time Window 00:00:00-23:59:59 (default) multi-session is available ex. session 1 00:00UT - 03:00UT session 2 03:00UT - 06:00UT : session 8 21:00UT - 24:00UT APPS server at KSRC of NICT, Japan Elevation Cut Off Angle 15 degrees (default) IGS products Final orbit (IGS,COD,EMR,ESA, GFZ,IGS,JPL,MIT,NGS) Rapid orbit (IGR,COR) Ultra rapid orbit (IGU,COP) low elevation weighting COSZ or NO atmospheric mapping function NMF, Hopfield, and COSZ tropospheric delay estimation time interval With/wo horizontal gradient RINEX data blank mail reply > ##### body part ##### > #APPS_BODY_START > TIME_WIND 00:00:00 23:59:59 0 > CUT-OFF 10 > SAMPLING 120 > PRODUCTS igs > FIX_AVE > FIXED GUAM > COMPARE 0821 0001 0006 0029 > FTP-PATH > ELEV-DEP COSZ > MAP_FUNC DRY_NIELL > EST_TRP NO 24 1 > OUT_FORM SNX TRO TRP > #APPS_BODY_END

11. Result from APPS APPS server at KSRC, Japan Result within 15 minutes COORDINATE OUTPUT ----------------- SITE: 0053 EPOCH: START=06/04/09 00:00:00 END=06/04/16 23:59:59 TIME_WIND Lat. (deg.) Lon. (deg.) Height (m) +-------------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ 06/04/09 00:00:00 - 06/04/09 23:59:59 37.3823753837000 136.8891647626000 51.3813 06/04/10 00:00:00 - 06/04/10 23:59:59 37.3823754627000 136.8891646849000 51.3646 06/04/11 00:00:00 - 06/04/11 23:59:59 37.3823753016000 136.8891647045000 51.4061 06/04/12 00:00:00 - 06/04/12 23:59:59 37.3823753370000 136.8891646803000 51.3937 06/04/13 00:00:00 - 06/04/13 23:59:59 37.3823752764000 136.8891647522000 51.3967 06/04/14 00:00:00 - 06/04/14 23:59:59 37.3823752845000 136.8891647698000 51.3946 06/04/15 00:00:00 - 06/04/15 23:59:59 37.3823753343000 136.8891647068000 51.3929 06/04/16 00:00:00 - 06/04/16 23:59:59 37.3823752517000 136.8891647584000 51.4249 +-------------------------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ AVERAGE: 37.3823753289875 136.8891647274375 51.3944 RMS: 0.0000008259062 0.0000019073486 0.0163 SITE1: GUAM SITE2: 0001 TIME_WIND Slope (m) RES +-------------------------------------+---------------+-------- 06/04/09 00:00:00 - 06/04/09 23:59:59 3493567.1618 0.0030 06/04/10 00:00:00 - 06/04/10 23:59:59 3493567.1697 0.0109 06/04/11 00:00:00 - 06/04/11 23:59:59 3493567.1593 0.0005 06/04/12 00:00:00 - 06/04/12 23:59:59 3493567.1616 0.0028 06/04/13 00:00:00 - 06/04/13 23:59:59 3493567.1540 -0.0048 06/04/14 00:00:00 - 06/04/14 23:59:59 3493567.1549 -0.0040 06/04/15 00:00:00 - 06/04/15 23:59:59 3493567.1581 -0.0008 06/04/16 00:00:00 - 06/04/16 23:59:59 3493567.1513 -0.0076 +-------------------------------------+---------------+-------- AVERAGE: 3493567.1588 RMS: 0.0054

12. Example of Processing Result using APPS  Reference station GUAM, TSKB, USUDGUAM, TSKB, USUD  Baseline Length Ranging 50 - 3500kmRanging 50 - 3500km  8 days data Apr. 9 – Apr. 16, 2006Apr. 9 – Apr. 16, 2006 TSKB USUD GUAM User location

13. Example of Processing Results using APPS (contd.) TSKB - Mt. Fuji USUD - Mt. Fuji

14. Example of Processing Results using APPS (contd.)

15. Wajima Wakkanai GUAM Hamamatsu

16. Concluding Remarks  We have developed the APPS.  The prototype of the APPS is in beta test, meaning it is generally available to the researchers. Please contact: richi@nict.go.jp or koyama@nict.go.jpPlease contact: richi@nict.go.jp or koyama@nict.go.jprichi@nict.go.jpkoyama@nict.go.jprichi@nict.go.jpkoyama@nict.go.jp  Repeatability 1-12mm RMS in baseline length1-12mm RMS in baseline length 1-8mm RMS in horizontal1-8mm RMS in horizontal 1-25mm RMS in vertical1-25mm RMS in vertical  Estimation of Tropospheric parameters is available. Acknowledgement: We thank the RINEX GPS data used in this study are supplied by IGS and GEONET of GSI, Japan.

17. Outlook  Processing software upgrade Bernese Ver.4.2 -> Ver.5.0Bernese Ver.4.2 -> Ver.5.0 Precise Point Positioning (PPP)Precise Point Positioning (PPP)  Additional model implementation Ocean TideOcean Tide  NAO99b [Matsumoto et al., 2000] Atmospheric Mapping Function based on the numerical weather modelAtmospheric Mapping Function based on the numerical weather model  ex. IMF [Niell, 2001], VMF [Boehm and Schuh, 2004]  Additional Output Ionosphere informationIonosphere information  total electron content (TEC)  Experiment using Satellite Internet link (under consideration)

18. Communication Satellites for Asia- Pacific regions  Engineering Test Satellite VIII (ETS- VIII) to be launched in 2006to be launched in 2006 Mobile communicationsMobile communications  Wideband Internetworking Engineering Test and Demonstration Satellite (WINDS) to be launched in 2007to be launched in 2007 1.2 Gbps communication1.2 Gbps communication