3. Types of Cells HProkaryotic- no nucleus. Simple cells. Found in bacteria HEukaryotic- nucleus. Complex cells. Found in animals, plants

4. Cell Organelles- parts HThe nucleus is the storehouse for DNA and controller of the cell. HThe nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane (envelope) HDNA makes up chromosomes, which carry the genetic code for a cell. Nucleus

5. The Nucleus

6. Cell (plasma) Membrane HSurrounds the cell, like the “skin” of the cell. HRegulates what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support for the cell. Cell (plasma) membrane

7. CELL MEMBRANE THE CELL MEMBRANE HAS 2 LAYERS -bilipid layer with floating proteins

8. Cytoplasm Ha thick liquid inside all cells aka “Cell Jelly” HSupports all cell organelles CYTOPLASM

9. Ribosome HCreates and Assembles small protein parts HLocated on the surface of the Rough Endoplasmic reticulum or free floating.

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum HThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of tubes that assembles and transport materials. HThe ER is made up of rough and smooth regions H“Highways”

11. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum This is Rough Endoplasmic reticulum. Notice the ribosomes! Rough ER = with ribosome Transports proteins

12. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum rough ER (with ribosomes)

13. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth = No ribosomes Creates and Transports lipids

14. Golgi Apparatus (Bodies/complex) The Golgi is in charge of secretion of chemicals. 1) Substances arrive there and are changed 2) Then they are repackaged and sent other places in the cell. 3) Sometimes substances are sent out of the cell.

15. Golgi Bodies

17. Lysosomes Hcells' garbage disposal system Hcontain enzymes that break apart nearly all cell molecules. Hdigest worn out cell parts HIf the lysosome breaks, it can destroy the cell!

18. Mitochondria HMitochondria are the energy production centers of the cell. HMitochondria convert glucose and O2O2 into energy. H“powerhouse” HMany found in muscle cells.

19. Mitochondria

21. Vacuoles HThe vacuole is a fluid filled organelle that stores amino acids, sugars, water and wastes. HMuch larger in plants. Plant vacuole Animal vacuole

22. Typical Animal Cell

23. Typical Plant Cell Golgi body chloroplast mitochondria cell wall plasma membrane endoplasmic reticulum nucleus central vacuole

24. Centrioles H1) found only in animal cells H2) involved in cell reproduction Movie

25. A word about plants… Plant cells contain additional organelles that are absent from animal cells!

26. Cell Wall HPlant cells are also surrounded by a cell wall, in addition to a plasma membrane.  The cell wall is a tough layer that supports a cell and gives it shape. Cell wall Cell membrane

27. Chloroplast HThe chloroplast is a special organelle necessary to carry out photosynthesis. HChloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a green pigment. HThey belong to a group of organelles called “Plastids”. They are involved in the synthesis and storage of food products.