1. Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Occupational Radiation Dose Management Chapter 38

2. Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Reducing Occupational Exposure A As L Low A As R Reasonably A Achievable

3. Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3 X-Ray Attenuation of Lead Aprons % X-Ray Attenuation Equiv Thickness (mm Lead) Wt (lb) 50 kVp 75 kVp 100 kVp 0.253-10976651 0.506-1599.98875 1.0012-2599.99994

4. Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Weighting Factors for Various Types of Radiation Type of Energy Range Radiation Weighting Factor (W r ) X- and gamma rays, electrons 1 Neutrons, energy < 10 keV 5 10 keV to 100 keV 10 >100 keV to 2 MeV 20 > 2 MeV to 20 MeV 10 >20 MeV 5 Protons2 Alpha particles 20

5. Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Legal Dose Limits in the United States Annual 50 mSv/yr (5000 mrem/yr) Lens of the eye 150 mSv/yr (15 rem/yr Other organs 500 mSv/yr (50 rem/yr) Cumulative whole-body10 mSv (1000 mrem) × age Pregnancy, entire5 mSv (500 mrem) Pregnancy, monthly0.5 mSv (50 mrem)

6. Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6 Occupational Radiation Monitoring  Film badges  Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD)  Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters

7. Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Optically Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeters

8. Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Monitoring Pregnant Technologist

9. End Ch. 38