1. “Muckrakers” Investigative journalists
Name given by Theodore Roosevelt as an insult
Taken as a compliment
Goal was to expose the ills of society
First step toward fixing them
McClure’s Magazine

2. Famous Muckrakers Lincoln Steffins Ida Tarbell
“Shame of the Cities “The Standard Oil Trust
Government Corruption Monopolies

3. Famous Muckrakers Jacob Riis Upton Sinclair
“How the Other Half Lives” “The Jungle
Slums & Poverty Food Safety & Labor

4. Progressive Reforms Women’s Rights Changed roles of Women by 1900
Fewer children
Husbands out of home
Technology = less housework
“Clubwomen”
1,000,000 in General Federation of Women by 1917
Initially social clubs, book clubs, etc.
Eventually more political
Parks, schools, settlement houses
Labor issues, slums, suffrage, birth control, etc

5. Progressive Reforms Women’s Rights Growing movement for voting rights
Carrie Chapman Catt
Susan B. Anthony
“The Winning Plan”
Push for female labor laws
Birth Control
Margaret Sanger
Carrie Chapman Catt

6. History of Women’s Suffrage
Judith Sargeant Murray in 1780’s
Seneca Falls in 1848
15th Amendment (betrayal?)
Wyoming in 1890
State by state for next 3 decades

8. Suffrage Arguments For Against Women as equal Less threatening Points
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, etc.
Less threatening Points
Bringing “morality” to politics
White women to offset black & immigrant vote
Anti-suffrage leagues
The “natural order” of the “separate spheres”
Separate sphere was advantageous for women
Special protections
Liquor lobby & anti-prohibition

9. Discussion Statements
Women owe a debt to Quaker philosophy for their freedom.
The 15th Amendment was an insult to American women.
In the 19th Century concept of separate realms, women actually had the better part.
It is odd that any men were sympathetic to women’s suffrage.
Women’s suffrage was delayed by white male-dominated society’s need for a system of slavery.

10. Margaret Sanger

11. 1910’s “pornography”
by Margaret Sanger

12. Socialism in the United States
Socialism is a political philosophy
Argues that society and economy must be structured to create more equality
Opposes capitalism and unlimited individual profit
Argues that the workers are more important to production than owners & deserve the profit
Supports government ownership and strong regulation to create conditions of equality

13. Socialism in the United States
Socialist Party Founder, Eugene V. Debs

14. Socialism in the United States
Some success
Debs received almost a million votes for president
18 Socialist mayors elected in 1911
But Socialism has never been a major force
Higher standard of living in US
Possibility of social mobility
Ideal of “rugged individualism” in USA
Racially & ethnic divisions in US society

15. The International Workers of the World (IWW or “Wobblies”)
Radical, anarchist union
Total, complete rejection of capitalism
“One big union”
Sometimes linked with sabotage & violence
Led by “Big Bill” Haywood
Attacked & destroyed during WW I

16. “Big Bill” Haywood