1. Arterial and Venous Supply

2. Artery  Arterioles  Capillaries  Venules  Veins
Types of Blood Vessels
Artery – carry blood away from heart to arterioles
Arterioles – carry blood from arteries to capillaries. “Resistance Vessels”
Vein – carry blood to the heart from the
Venules-Acts as collector and reservoir vessels. “Capacitance Vessels”
Capillaries – carry blood from Arterioles to Venules.
Artery  Arterioles  Capillaries  Venules  Veins

4. Structure of Blood Vessel
Three layers for both arteries and veins
Tunica adventitia
Tunica media
Tunica intima

6. Tunica Adventitia Outermost layer Flexible Fibrous Connective Tissue
Helps hold vessel open
Prevents tearing of vessel
In veins – thickest layer
In arteries – middle layer is thicker

7. Tunica Media Middle layer
Made of smooth muscle with a layer of elastic connective tissue
Allows blood vessel to change diameter
Thicker in Arteries than in veins

8. Tunica Intima Inner most layer Made of endothelium
In arteries – smooth lining
In veins forms semilunar valves

9. Capillaries Only one layer – Endothelium
One layer allows for diffusion between plasma and interstitial fluid
Function in delivery and collection of substances – “Exchange Vessels”

10. Control of Blood Flow
Precapillary sphincters – circular, valve-like muscle at arteriole-capillary junction
Vasoconstriction – narrowing blood vessel’s lumen (“passageway”
Vasodilation – explanding blood
 vessel’s lumen

11. Blood Flow
Blood flow through veins – not very efficient. Slow, weak “pushing” by arterial blood pressure is not much of a factor at all. Important factors include: 1. Contraction of the diaphragm Pumping action of the skeletal muscles Valves in the veins.

12. Circulatory Routes
Systemic Circulation – blood flows from the left ventricle of the heart through blood vessels to all parts of the body, excluding lungs, and back to the right atrium.
Pulmonary Circulation – Venous blood moves form right atrium to right ventricle to pulmonary artery to lung capillaries where gas exchange occurs, then returns to left atrium and left ventricle.

14. Some Major Arteries Carotids (Common, Internal and External)
Subclavian
Brachiocephalic
Brachial
Radial
Ulnar
Coronary
Celiac
Splenic
Renal
Mesenteric (Inferior and Superior)
Abdominal Aorta
Iliac (Common, Internal and External)
Femoral
Popliteal
Tibial (Anterior and Posterior)

15. Some Major Veins Facial Jugular (External and Internal)
Brachiocephalic
Subclavian
Cephalic
Auxiliary
Vena cava (Superior and Inferior)
Pulmonary
Cardiac (Great and Small)
Basilic
Hepatic and Hepatic portal
Spleenic
Mesenteric (Inferior and Superior)
Iliac (Common, External and Internal)
Femoral
Saphenous (Great and Small)
Popliteal
Tibial (Anterior and Posterior)

16. Sites To Take Pulse Temporal Artery Facial Artery
Common Carotid Artery
Brachial Artery
Radial Artery
Femoral Artery
Popliteal Artery
Posterior Tibial Artery
Dorsalis Pedis Artery

17. Aneurysm An aneurysm is a balloon-like bulge in an artery.

18. Stents
A stent is a wire metal mesh tube used to prop open an artery during angioplasty.
The stent is collapsed to a small diameter and put over a balloon catheter. It's then placed into the area of the blockage. Then the balloon is inflated, the stent expands, locks in place and forms a scaffold.
The stent stays in the artery permanently, holds it open, improves blood flow to the heart muscle. 
Within a few weeks the inside lining of the artery grows over the stent.

19. Stent Video
Video Showing a Stent and Angioplasty (Mayo Clinic)