1. Cardiovascular System Chapter 7

2. Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular System angi/oangiogram vas/ovasospasm vascul/ovascular aort/oaortic

3. Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular System arteri/oarteriosclerosis ather/o atheroma atri/oatrioventricular

4. Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular System cardi/ocardiology coron/ocoronary my/omyocardial

5. Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular System pector/opectoral steth/ostethoscope sphygm/osphygmomanometer thromb/othrombocyte

6. Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular System ven/ovenous phleb/ophlebitis varic/ovaricosis

7. Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular System ventricul/oventricular

8. Cardiovascular System Overview  Consists of the heart and blood vessels  The heart pumps blood throughout the body  Blood vessels transport blood throughout the body

9. The Heart  Muscular Organ  Hollow interior  Pumps blood throughout the body  Four chambers  Upper chambers  Lower chambers

10. Structure of the Heart  Four Chambers  Right atrium (upper chamber)  Left atrium (upper chamber)  Right ventricle (lower chamber)  Left ventricle (lower chamber)  Septum — divides heart into right and left portions  Interatrial septum — separates the atria  Interventricular septum — separates the ventricles

11. Structure of the Heart  Valves — Open and close with the heartbeat to maintain one-way flow of blood through the heart  tricuspid valve — located between right atrium and right ventricle  mitral (bicuspid) valve — located between left atrium and left ventricle  pulmonary semilunar valve — opening from right ventricle to pulmonary artery  aortic valve — located between left ventricle and aorta (continued)

12. Layers of the Heart  endocardium  membrane that lines the interior cavities of the heart  myocardium  Thick, muscular layer  epicardium  Outer membrane  Pericardium is the loose, protective sac that surrounds and encloses the heart

13. Structures of the Heart

14. Blood Vessels  arteries  vessels that carry blood from the heart to arterioles  aorta  large artery branching from the left ventricle  arterioles  small vessels receive blood from the arteries

15. Blood Vessels  capillaries  tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules  venules  small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins  veins  vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules (continued)

16. Coronary Arteries

17. Blood and Lymph Circulation

18. Arteries

19. Veins

20. Blood Pressure  Force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the arteries, veins and heart chambers  Determined by the volume of blood, the space within the arteries and arterioles, and the force of the heart contractions

21. Blood Pressure Terms  diastole  period in the cardiac cycle when blood enters the relaxed ventricles from the atria  systole  period in the cardiac cycle when the heart is in contraction and blood is ejected through the aorta and pulmonary artery  normotension  normal blood pressure

22. Blood Pressure Terms  hypotension  low blood pressure  hypertension  high blood pressure (continued)

23. Blood Pressure Determination

24. Conditions Causing Reduction of Blood Flow

25. Types of Aneurysms

26. Coronary Artery Disease