1. Cardiovascular System Made of your heart, blood & blood vessels

2. Functions of Cardiovascular System Delivery system Delivery system Blood from heard delivers oxygen & nutrients to every part of body Blood from heard delivers oxygen & nutrients to every part of body Blood picks up waste products on the return trip Blood picks up waste products on the return trip

3. Structure of the Heart Size – slightly larger than your fist Size – slightly larger than your fist Location – left center of your chest Location – left center of your chest 4 Chambers: 4 Chambers: 2 Atrium – upper chambers 2 Atrium – upper chambers 2 Ventricles – lower chambers 2 Ventricles – lower chambers

4. Structure of the Heart 2 Sides – separated by the Septum 2 Sides – separated by the Septum Left side – gets blood from lungs (high in O2) Left side – gets blood from lungs (high in O2) Right side – gets blood from body (low in O2) Right side – gets blood from body (low in O2)

5. Basic Structure of Cardio System Basic Structure Basic Structure Basic Structure Basic Structure

7. Structure of the Heart Right Atrium – biggest atrium Right Atrium – biggest atrium 2 Major Veins - called Great Veins 2 Major Veins - called Great Veins Superior Vena Cava - Returns deoxygenated blood from upper body Superior Vena Cava - Returns deoxygenated blood from upper body Inferior Vena Cava – Returns deoxygenated blood from lower body Inferior Vena Cava – Returns deoxygenated blood from lower body Pumps blood to Right Ventricle through Tricuspid Valve Pumps blood to Right Ventricle through Tricuspid Valve

8. Structure of the Heart Right Ventricle – gets blood from Right Atrium and pumps blood to lungs Right Ventricle – gets blood from Right Atrium and pumps blood to lungs Left Atrium – Receives blood from lungs (Pulmonary Veins) Left Atrium – Receives blood from lungs (Pulmonary Veins) Pumps blood to Left Ventricle through Bicuspid Valve Pumps blood to Left Ventricle through Bicuspid Valve

9. Structure of the Heart Left Ventricle – gets blood from Left Atrium Left Ventricle – gets blood from Left Atrium Very thick walls – pumps blood throughout body Very thick walls – pumps blood throughout body Pumps blood through the Aorta Pumps blood through the Aorta Aorta – Largest blood vessel in body (interior diameter of about 1 inch) Aorta – Largest blood vessel in body (interior diameter of about 1 inch) Pumps blood to every part of body Pumps blood to every part of body

10. Structure of the Heart

11. Animated Heart Heart Beat Heart Beat Heart Beat Heart Beat See also Coronary Bypass, Pacemaker, etc See also Coronary Bypass, Pacemaker, etc

12. Blood Structure 7% of a person’s body weight 7% of a person’s body weight 90% water & 10% dissolved substance 90% water & 10% dissolved substance Made up of: Made up of: Plasma Plasma White Blood Cells White Blood Cells Red Blood Cells Red Blood Cells Platelets Platelets

13. Blood Structure Plasma – makes up about 50 % of blood volume Plasma – makes up about 50 % of blood volume Keeps blood flowing Keeps blood flowing Color of straw Color of straw Contains substances such as proteins, salts, glucose, vitamins, hormones & antibodies Contains substances such as proteins, salts, glucose, vitamins, hormones & antibodies

14. Blood Structure White Blood Cells – leukocytes White Blood Cells – leukocytes Many varieties defend body against bacteria & other enemies Many varieties defend body against bacteria & other enemies Colorless Colorless Formed in red bone marrow, lymphatic tissue, spleen, lymph nodes, & thymus Formed in red bone marrow, lymphatic tissue, spleen, lymph nodes, & thymus Fewer in number than RBC (1 to 700) Fewer in number than RBC (1 to 700)

15. Blood Structure Red Blood Cells – erythrocytes Red Blood Cells – erythrocytes Look like donut, very flexible Look like donut, very flexible Carry O2 to all tissues from lungs Carry O2 to all tissues from lungs Carry CO2 from tissues to lungs Carry CO2 from tissues to lungs Hemoglobin – bright red when combined with O2 Hemoglobin – bright red when combined with O2 RBC’s live approximately 120 days RBC’s live approximately 120 days

16. Blood Structure Platelets – thrombocytes Platelets – thrombocytes Small fragments that clump together and stick to blood vessels to plug up leaks Small fragments that clump together and stick to blood vessels to plug up leaks Lifespan of 5 to 9 days Lifespan of 5 to 9 days Formed in bone marrow Formed in bone marrow Look like oval plates (thus the name) Look like oval plates (thus the name)

17. Blood Structure

19. Blood Vessels Blood Vessels – hollow tubes Blood Vessels – hollow tubes 100,000 long 100,000 long Expand and contract Expand and contract

20. Blood Vessels - Arteries Arteries – carry blood from away from heart Arteries – carry blood from away from heart Walls are thicker than other vessels (higher pressure) Walls are thicker than other vessels (higher pressure) Aneurysm – abnormal expansion of the artery due to a weakness Aneurysm – abnormal expansion of the artery due to a weakness Arteriosclerosis – hardening of the arteries Arteriosclerosis – hardening of the arteries

21. Arteries - Aneurysm Aneurysm: Aneurysm: 1 saccular aneurysm, 2 right pulmonary artery, 1 saccular aneurysm, 2 right pulmonary artery, 3 arch of the aorta, 3 arch of the aorta, 4 left pulmonary artery, 4 left pulmonary artery, 5 pulmonary trunk 5 pulmonary trunk

22. Arteries - Arteriosclerosis

23. Blood Vessels - Veins Veins – carry blood from body to heart Veins – carry blood from body to heart Get bigger as they get closer to heart Get bigger as they get closer to heart Contain valves that allow blood to flow only one way Contain valves that allow blood to flow only one way Varicose Veins – valves in legs breakdown and allow the blood to flow backwards Varicose Veins – valves in legs breakdown and allow the blood to flow backwards

24. Veins – Varicose Veins

26. Blood Vessels - Capillaries Capillaries – smallest working unit in the blood Capillaries – smallest working unit in the blood Connect arterioles to venules Connect arterioles to venules 1 cell thick 1 cell thick Exchange nutrients, O2, and CO2 Exchange nutrients, O2, and CO2

27. Capillaries

28. Capillaries

29. THE END