1. Pg. 134 RTW: What is one interesting thing you learned about Mollusca?
Monday, May 4th, 2015
Pg. 134 RTW: What is one interesting thing you learned about Mollusca?
Objective:
I will be prepared for the Marine EOC on 5/18.
Agenda:
Final Review
Aves need to send me quiz for approval
Homework:
Fish Food Project

2. Tuesday, May 5th, 2015
Pg. 134 RTW: Would you rather fight a 100 duck size horses or 1 horse size duck?
Objective:
I will be able to cite examples and explain the adaptations to the marine environment of the invertebrate phyla: Aves.
Agenda:
Aves Foldable
Aves group be ready to present tomorrow!
Fish & Sharks group send digital documents by today!
Homework:
Fish Food Project

3. Chordata Foldable (Class Aves)
Examples:
Marine and coastal birds: Pelicans, Albatross, Blue-footed booby, Sandpipers, Penguins.
Bird orders end in the suffix –iformes
Characteristics:
Light weight bones
Endothermic
Three feather types: Down, Contour, Powder
Most have a gland to convert salth2o to freshh2o
Several species have webbed feet for swimming

4. Chordata foldable (marine birds)
Diagram:
Reproduction: egg-laying, internal fertilization

5. Marine Birds
Class: Aves

6. Characteristics Depend on the ocean for survival Lightweight bones
Return to land to breed.
Endothermic = create their own body heat
3 Types of feathers:
1- Down = small, fluffy, closest to skin, for warmth.
2- Contour = larger, cover wings and body, for flight.
3- Powder = Repel water, protect the down

7.
Online Bird Guide

8. Bird Orders Class Aves broken into 29 orders
All orders end in –iformes
Ex. Pelecaniformes- Pelicans (totipalmate swimmers)
Ex. Passeriformes- Songbirds

9. Diving Pelagic Birds
Open-ocean birds, spend most of their lives at sea
Puffins, petrels, shearwaters, albatross
Migrate thousands of km each year

10. Large nostrils located in short tubes on sides/top of bill
Spend most of life at sea
Come to land only to breed
Wandering Albatross-Largest wingspan of all living birds (nearly 12 feet)

12. Wandering Albatross

13. Wandering
Albatross
chick

14. Shearwater

15. Penguins Can dive down 800 meters for food
Flightless, marine, pelagic, swimming and diving birds
The Emperor Penguin is the 4ft, 75lb

16. Penguins The most aquatic of all marine birds
15 species (all are in the Southern Hemisphere)
No contour feather (can’t fly)
Thick layer of fat and dense down feathers
Excellent swimmers/divers
Eyes adapted for underwater vision
Both males and females take care of watching the egg and chicks

17. Babies
Adelie Penguins
Emperor Penguins

18. Rockhopper Penguin
King Penguins

19. Penguin

20. Totipalmate Swimmers All 4 toes are webbed
Pelicans, Gannets, Cormorants& Frigatebirds
Some breathe through their mouth (nasal openings are closed)

21. American White Pelican

22. Blue-footed
Booby

23. Long-legged Waders
Herons, Egrets, Ibises, Spoonbills, Storks & Vultures
Herons & Egrets have S shaped neck in flight

24. Herons &
Egrets
have S shaped
neck in flight

25. Storks hold neck extended in flight

26. Bird populations decreased because of plume hunters (1902-1903)
Fashionable for women to wear feathers in their hats
4 birds=1 ounce ($32/oz)

27. 1,608 packages of plumes in a commercial sales room in 1902
Each package weighed 30 oz totaling 48,240 oz
Required the lives of 192,960 herons

29. Flamingos
Pink plumage due to carotenoids obtained from food, cyanobacteria
Most unusual feature is the bent bill held upside down to feed

30. At one time occurred naturally in the state of Florida
Nest made on a cone shaped pedestal of mud
Young swim day of hatching

31. Flamingo

32. Marsh birds Crane, Coots & Moorhens
Losing more species of birds than any major order of birds
The Whooping Crane is the tallest American bird

33. Whooping
Crane &
chick

34. Sandhill
Crane
-More
commonly
seen

35. Roseate Spoonbill

36. Shorebirds Much diversity Divers, skimmers, waders
Lakes, coastal waters, beaches, meadows

37. Shorebirds Sandpiper – narrow, pointed bill
Snowy egret – long, flexible neck
Roseate Spoonbill
Sea ducks
Sea Gull - scavengers

39. American Avocet

40. Diurnal Birds of Prey Hawks, Eagles, Kites & Ospreys
Have short, decurved hooked beaks
Excellent eyesight
Feed on birds, mammals, fish or reptiles

41. Osprey

42. Kingfishers Large heads with spearlike bills
Dive straight into water for fish

43. Belted Kingfisher

44. Perching Birds All the Songbirds
Ex. Cardinals, Jays, Wrens, Warblers, etc.
Includes Loggerhead Shrike & Florida Scrub Jay

45. Feather Anatomy

46. What is preening?
Definition: Preening is the process by which birds groom and care for their feathers. When a bird is preening, she uses her beak to pick through her feathers -- removing any debris, arranging feathers that are out of place, and distributing a special oil that is secreted from a gland at the base of the tail. This oil helps a bird's feathers stay healthy and shiny.

47. No RTW: Aves group be ready to present when the bell rings!
Wednesday, May 6th, 2015
No RTW: Aves group be ready to present when the bell rings!
Objective:
I will be able to cite examples and explain the adaptations to the marine environment of the invertebrate phyla: Aves.
Agenda:
Aves Fish Food Presentation
Homework:
Fish Food Project

48. Chordate Foldable (sharks and fish)
Examples:
Class Agnatha: jawless fish
Class Chondrichthyes : sharks, rays, skates
Class Osteichthyes (Actinopterygii): bony fish
Characteristics:
Gills for breathing (several shark species have to swim to breathe)
Chondrichthyes have cartilage instead of bone
Osteichthyes have bony skeletons and ray fins
Agnatha have no jaws but rows of teeth in a circular formation

49. Chordate (sharks and fish)
Diagrams:
Reproduction:
Agnatha and Osteichthyes: spawning or internal fertilization. Lay eggs (some are tended to others are on their own)
Chondrichthyes: internal fertilization
- viviparous: live birth
- ovoviviparous: egg stays in mom until hatched
- oviparous: egg laying (mermaids purse)

50. Pg. 132 RTW: What is one interesting fact about Aves?
Thursday, May 7th, 2015
Pg. 132 RTW: What is one interesting fact about Aves?
Objective:
I will be able to cite examples and explain the adaptations to the marine environment of the invertebrate phyla: Fish & Sharks.
Agenda:
Fish & Sharks Foldable
Fish & Sharks group be ready to present tomorrow!
Homework:
Fish Food Project

51. Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata
Marine Fishes

52. Characteristics Backbone Bilateral symmetry Endoskeleton
Fish-simplest & oldest of all living vertebrates (Fossils date back to 400 million years ago)
Most abundant-over 22,000 species of fish in world
58% are marine

53. Jawless Fishes
class Agnatha
Most primitive
No jaws- feed by suction

54. Cartilaginous Fishes class Chondrichthyes (Con-dric-thees)
Sharks, rays, skates, & ratfishes
Skeleton is made of cartilage
Lighter & more flexible than bone

56. Mouth is ventral (underneath head) Sandpaper like skin
May have well developed teeth
Constantly are replaced

57. Movement Fins more rigid than bony fish
Rely on pectoral fins to “lift” them in order to prevent sinking (no air bladder)
Large, oily liver that increases buoyancy
Streamline body shape – moves quickly b/c of large muscles in the caudal fin.
Asymmetric caudal fin improves stability

58. Sharks Smallest = pygmy shark (25cm)
Largest = whale shark (15 meters)! These are filter feeders.
Bottom dwellers = nurse & leopard
Most aggressive = Great White
Other dangerous sharks = Tiger and Hammerhead

59. http://www. youtube. com/watch

60. Sensory Sensitive receptors to detect stimuli: Lateral Line organ
Hair-like sensors that pick up sound vibrations up to ½ km away
Ampullae of Lorenzini in the snout – senses electric fields generated by the muscles of potential prey.
2/3 of the sharks brain is devoted to sense and smell

61. Reproduction Internal fertilization
Male sharks = Claspers that hold onto female for transfer of sperm into reproductive tract.
Some (mostly aggressive) have internal development and live births (viviparous) - -hammerheads
Some start predation early by devouring their siblings before they hatch!
Other sharks and skates have external development – develop in a black, leathery case called a “mermaids purse” – take over a year to develop. (oviparous)

63. Whale Shark- largest fish
in existence

64. Bull Sharks
Very Aggressive
Fresh and Saltwater

65. Sharks must swim to force water over their gills
If caught in nets they will drown
Some exceptions: nurse sharks- gills can contain enough oxygen w/o swimming

68. Bony Fishes class Osteichthyes (Osti-ich-thees)
Skeleton partially bone
Have an operculum-gill cover to protect gills
Caudal fin usually same size (top & bottom)

69. Bony fish have fin rays vs. cartilaginous fins
& a swim bladder
Sunfish-largest
Bony fish
1996, Japan
9.6 ft long

70. Biology of Fishes Study of fishes: Ichthyology Body Shape
Directly related to lifestyle
Fast swimmers=streamlined
Coral reef fish=laterally
compressed

71. Elongated bodies fit into rocks & other narrow spaces
Laterally compressed-at beginning of life one eye on each side then migrates to same side
Elongated bodies fit into rocks & other narrow spaces
Truncate, short-

72. Irregular shapes help with concealment-

73. Countercurrent exchange Heat exchange: legs of birds, body heating of fish such as Tuna and Mako shark

74. Fins Pairs = Pectoral & Pelvic
Single = Dorsal, Anal & Symmetric Caudal (have air bladder for stability)
Skin – slimy mucus coating acts as a barrier against infection and friction

75. 1st Dorsal Fin
2nd Dorsal Fin
Caudal
Fin
Pectoral Fin
Anal Fin
Pelvic Fin

76. No RTW: Fish & Sharks group be ready to present when the bell rings!
Friday, May 8th , 2015
No RTW: Fish & Sharks group be ready to present when the bell rings!
Objective:
I will be able to cite examples and explain the adaptations to the marine environment of the invertebrate phyla: Fish & Sharks.
Agenda:
Fish & Sharks Fish Food Presentation
Reptilia group send digital documents by today!
Homework:
Fish Food Project