1. Cell Structure and Function

2. Objective: to be able to identify cell organelles and their functions
Warm up: how does cell structure relate to cell function? How can this relationship be seen between different organisms?
Hint: Smooth muscle cell of a human Smooth Muscle cell of a cow

3. Cell Structure determines cell function
ANSWER
Cell Structure determines cell function
Cells that have similar functions in different organisms tend to have similar structures

4. What is a Cell?
Cells are defined as the smallest working unit of living things
Cell of a corn plant

5. Cell Theory All living things are made of cells
Cells are the smallest working units of living things
All cells come from pre-existing cells by cell division

6. Types of cells Eukaryote- has membrane bound organelles and nucleus
Example (humans)
Prokaryote- do not have a nucleus
Example (bacteria)
“The Staph”: MRSA Bacteria

7. Organelles
Specialized structures that perform specific functions within eukaryotic cells
Means “ tiny organs”

8. Types of Organelles The Nucleus- the control center of the cell
Contains:
Nucleolus- dark spot in the center of the nucleus makes ribosomes
Chromosomes-
DNA and genetic information

9. Cell Membrane Regulates movement of materials in and out of the cell
Semi-permeable- some things are allowed in and out some are not
“The gate keeper”
Helps maintain cell
shape
Made of lipids

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Transportation network carries, vesicles to be secreted
2 types
Rough ER- has ribosomes,
makes proteins
Smooth ER- Synthesizes lipids, no ribosomes

11. Ribosomes Made of RNA and Protein
The “Protein factories” of the cell, linking together amino acids

12. Golgi Apparatus Stack of membranes
Modifies, packages and sorts proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum

13. Lysosomes Found only in animal cells
Filled with enzymes that breakdown certain materials in the cell
Example: Old worn out organelles

14. Vacuoles Transports and stores nutrients, waste and water
Small -in animal cells
Large – in plant cells

15. Contractile Vacuole
Remove excess water from the cell by “squeezing” it out
Found in Paramecium

16. Mitochondria
“The Powerhouse of the cell”
Makes energy for the cell

17. Chloroplast Contains Chlorophyll (green color) Makes food for plants
Found only in plants and algae

18. Cell Wall Found in plants, bacteria, and fungi
Protective outer covering that helps give plants their structure
Made of cellulose

19. Objective: to be able to identify cell organelles and their functions
Date: 11/14/07
Objective: to be able to identify cell organelles and their functions
Warm up:
How is the cell membrane like a “gate keeper”?
How does the cell membrane’s function contribute to Homeostasis?
Agenda: -Finish power point notes
-Prep for Friday in class project

20. The cell membrane is Semi-permeable only allowing certain things in and out.
The cell membrane contributes to Homeostasis because it regulates what enters and exits the cell allowing it to maintain a balanced state.

21. Cytoplasm Jelly like material inside cell membrane
Where chemical reactions take place in the cell

22. Cytoskeleton Made of microtubules and microfilaments
Helps the cell maintain its shape
Involved in forms of cell movement

23. Centrioles
Aid in animal cell division

24. Cilia and Flagella
Aid in movement
Flagellum
Cilia

25. Move with a beating action.
Cilia- Short, numerous, hair-like projections from the plasma membrane.
Move with a beating action.
Flagella- Longer, less numerous
projections from the plasma membrane.
Move with a “whip-like” action.
Cilia animation

26. Summarizer
Name the numbered organelles 1-8 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5