1. Canada

2. Wilfred Laurier
“Canada has been modest in its history. In my estimation it is only commencing. It is commencing in this century. As the 19th century was that of the United States, so, I think the twentieth century shall be filled by Canada.”

5. Historical Background
French-English Relations
Seven Years War
Conquest 1759
Quebec Act 1774
Canadian-American Relations
American Revolution
Creation of Upper Canada (Loyalists)
War of 1812
Confederation 1867

6. Sir John A. MacDonald (1867-1891)
Goals = attract immigrants, build a transcontinental railway, create jobs and encourage British investment – NATIONAL POLICY
Strategy = advertise free land in Europe, give $ to railroad companies, set up high tariffs on imports to encourage Canadian manufacturing
Accomplishments – little immigration due to American competition, CPR build by 1885, few industrial firms

8. Sir Wilfred Laurier (1896-1911)
Goals – Make the National Policy work
Strategy – massive advertising & free land, encouraged new railway construction
Accomplishments – settlement of Canadian west, creation of Saskatchewan & Alberta in 1905, growth of eastern cities, 2 new railroads become the CNR, growth mining, pulp & paper, lumber, and increased US investment

9. Immigration Policies Clifford Sifton – 1896 Minister of Interior
Open door immigration policy
Attracted Germans, Americans, Swedes, British, Dutch, Russians…
Added 2 million to population by 1910
Frank Oliver – 1905 Minister of Interior
1910 immigration act
Restrictive, exclusive, selective
Turned away Asians, African Americans, Jews, Asiatic Indians, southern Europeans

10. Assignment
Form groups of 3. Each person should take notes on one of the following topics. Be sure to include information on all the pages in your section but condense it to the important details in your own words. Add the page numbers in the margin.
Section 1: The Long Journey: Immigrant Experiences pp (omit 38)
Section 2: The Effects of Technology in the Home, Living Conditions, Changes in the Workplace pp (omit 46, 48)
Section 3: Working Conditions, The Rise of Reform Movements pp