2. BIG BIM : little bim Change is on the Horizon

4. Acknowledgement
Many of the slides in this presentation have been provided with permission from Mr. Dana ‘Deke’ Smith, the founding chair of NIBS’ Facility Information Council (FIC) and the executive director of the buildingSMART Alliance. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of Mr. Smith is prohibited.
Key player in the development of the NBIMS – National Building Information Modeling Standard. Step back for a quick second before I define BIM.
I’m going to break a rule here and read a couple paragraphs to you – Not to insult your intelligence, but more a reflection of mine. These are important and well prepared statements –I could not improve on these so I will repeat.

5. What is BIM? Promise of BIM Current State Barriers Next Steps Agenda
Integrating FM technologies and facilities data over the life of a facility still remains elusive today. Add to this the amount of redundant data and lack of standardization of data maintained in facilities IT systems, and one can easily become frustrated with FM technologies. Without question two of the most challenging IT issues facing facility managers are lack of strategic planning for optimizing the use of FM technologies and the standardization of data over the life of the facility. The future may be in the implementation of building information models (BIM).

6. What exactly is “BIM”? Building Information Modeling
Perhaps one of the most misused terms in the industry
Contains graphical as well other types of information
That information can be either graphical or non-graphical, either contained directly in the building model or accessible from the building model through linked data that is stored elsewhere.

7. NBIMS Vision and Mission
Improve the performance of facilities over their full lifecycle by fostering a common, standard, and integrated lifecycle information model from the Architect, Engineering, Construction (AEC) and Facility Management industry.
The NBIMS-US Project Committee (the National Building Information Model Standard Project Committee - United States), is a project committee of the buildingSMART alliance which is a council of the National Institute for Building Sciences (NIBS). Originally chartered in 2005 under the Facility Information Council (FIC) the NBIMS Committee was re-chartered as an Alliance project in 2008 in order to consolidate missions and streamline services. From 1992 to 2008 the FIC mission was to "improve the performance of facilities over their full life-cycle by fostering common and open standards and an integrated life-cycle information model for the A/E/C & FM industry." Although FIC was sunsetted in 2008 its mission continues under the governance of the Alliance. The NBIMS-US Project Committee continues this tradition by knitting together the broadest and deepest constituency ever assembled for the purpose of establishing and managing through an Industry consensus process a series of open source National standards and guidance for all aspects of Building Information Modeling. The NBIMS Charter (PDF) spells out the Committee's vision and describes the results NBIMS-US expects to achieve.
This information model will allow for the free flow of graphic and non-graphic information among all parties to the process of creating and sustaining the built environment.

8. NBIMS Vision and Mission
An improved planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance process using a standardized machine-readable information model for each facility, new or old, which contains all appropriate information created or gathered about that facility in a format useable throughout its lifecycle by all.
A basic premise of BIM is collaboration by different stakeholders at different phases of the life cycle of a facility to insert, extract, update or modify information in the BIM process to support and reflect the roles of that stakeholder. The BIM is a shared digital representation founded on open standards for interoperability.

9. Key Distinctions
Building Information Model – A digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility.  As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward.
Building Information Modeling – How one uses the information model to support collaboration by different stakeholders at different phases of the life cycle of a facility to insert, extract, update or modify information in the BIM process to support and reflect the roles of that stakeholder.
buildingSMART alliance – The North American chapter of an international organization with the mission to improve all aspects of the facility and infrastructure lifecycle by promoting collaboration, technology, integrated practices, and open standards. 9

10. Facility Lifecycle Costs
10-25%
20-35%
50-70%

11. Facility Lifecycle View
Courtesy of Kurt Maldovan – Jacobs 11

12. Support All Stakeholders in Facility Lifecycle
Planning Design Construction Operations Sustainment
BOD CEO CFO CIO Legal Conts Personnel Occupant Space Mgr Portfolio Graphics Comm. Security Network
Fac Mgr MSDS Mgr Owners Rep Hand Off Team Ops Eng
External Design & Facilities Owner
Construction
Geospatial Environ Planner Civil Architect Engineers Contractor Subs
Banker Realtor Appraiser Risk / Ins Special Sup Manuf. Inspector Maint. Ctr. Remodel Responders
Photo courtesy of Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D., Chief Technology Officer, Gehry Technologies. The picture is of the Disney Conference Hall, designed by Frank Gehry. 12

13. IFC + IFD product model Laws and regulations Modelling software VRML
-Building regulations
-Building specifications
Modelling software
-Drawings, calculations
-Architect, engineer,…
VRML
-Visualisation, 3D models
Knowledge databases
-Best practice knowledge
-Own practice
IFC + IFD product model
Simulations
-Comfort
-Ventilation, heating
-Light / day lighting
-Energy use
-Insulation
-Fire, usage
-Environment
-Life time predictions
Acoustics
Indoor air quality
Briefing
-Functional req.
-Estimates
-Conditions
-Requirements
Demolition, refurbishment
-Rebuild
-Demolition
-Restoration
Facility management
-Letting, sale, operations
-Maintenance
-Guaranties
A BIM is a wonderful opportunity to have all the information about a facility essentially in one place. This is something we really have never known. Imagine the value of a tool that anyone who requires information about a facility or a group of facilities can tap in a single location.
IFC= Industry Foundation Classes
IFD= International Framework for Dictionaries
Specifications
-Specification sheets
-Classification standards-
Construction management
-Scheduling
-Lean Construction
-Logistics, 4D
Costing
-Initial Costs
-Life-cycle costs
-Value engineering
-Sustainability analysis
Procurement
-Product databases
-Price databases
Image courtesy Deke Smith – buildingSMART Initiative

14. IFC Model Relationships14

15. Agenda
What is BIM?
Promise of BIM
Current State
Barriers
Next Steps

16. BIM The Promise of BIM BETTER FASTER CHEAPER
Better – Higher quality buildings, more sustainable, proven through models (iteration/experimentation)
Faster -
FASTER
CHEAPER

17. The Promise of BIM

18. The Promise of BIM Owner and Occupant Designer and Contractor
Be able to walk into an electronic model and know what they are getting
Be able to glean more information from the Model than from the facility itself
Designer and Contractor
Be able to simulate and visualize
Be able to identify problems before they are physical
Asset Manager
Be able to visually identify issues and focus on true problems
Be able to continuously commission and determine performance
Get top dollar for re-sale by validating performance 18

19. The Promise of BIM Benefits Better visualization Improved productivity
Elimination of conflicts
Faster delivery times
Automated shop drawings
Enhanced material fabrication
Reduced data collection
Higher quality buildings w/ better operating capabilities
Benefits
Better visualization of product by owner
Improved productivity
Elimination of conflicts, RFI’s and change orders
Significantly faster delivery times
Elimination of construction drawings and going to shop drawings
Numerical controls passed directly from the model to fabrication
Data collected during design & construction used for operations, sustainment and contingency planning
Higher quality buildings w/ better operating capabilities

21. Information Exchange Losses
Management support information should be:
Collected continuously throughout facility life-cycle (created once)
Managed uniformly in standard framework
Securely available 24x7
Information Value
Time
Value of Improvements
To-Be
Minimized data loss
Maximized information value
As-Is
Continuous data loss
Value of information reduced
This cost model shows the current (as-is) conditions with loss of information between each stage of construction due to lack of interoperability.
The next build shows the potential curve if information is retained between phases.
The area between the curves shows the savings – estimated by NIST at $15.8B annually (National Institute of Standards and Technology
Planning
Construction
Design
Operation
Image courtesy Deke Smith – buildingSMART Initiative

22. Agenda
What is BIM?
Promise of BIM
Current State
Barriers
Next Steps

23. The State of BIM
Architects and Contractors are using BIM, however information is not yet flowing as the holistic vision has not been realized
While attending various FM-related trade conferences, I asked a number of CAFM/CMMS vendors about integration with BIM. The standard answer was “huh?”
74% of Architects Use Some Level of 3D Digital Modeling
NIBS - Results of AIA LFRT Survey

24. Standard: NBIMS V1 P1 Delivered Dec 27, 2007
International Core (ISO 16739)
National Specific
OmniClass
Information Exchange Concepts
Standard Development Process
Information Assurance
Capability Maturity Model
References and Appendices
Over 30 contributors 24

25. Enhanced Asset Management
Current Applications
3-D & 4-D Modeling
There are many examples of BIMs being implemented in design and during construction. Even some as planning for facility asset management primarily in the government sector. To date, however, there is little transfer of information between the traditional facility industry stovepipes where we are essentially only creating cylinders of excellence. The BIM Standard is intended to provide the framework and foundation to encourage the flow of information and interoperability between all phases of a facility’s life from inception through disposal.
Enhanced Asset Management

26. Clash Detection Improvement
A far better way to reconcile clashes
How most currently reconcile clashes
Courtesy of Jim Bedrick Webcor Builders 26

27. Comparative Clash Detection Using BIM
Courtesy of Jim Bedrick Webcor Builders 27

28. Automated Code/Model Checking (Spell Check for Designers)
Solibri Model Checker

29. International Code Council - SMARTcodes29

30. Construction Sequencing
The Flint project is a 442,000 sq. ft. addition to a Global V6 engine plant for General Motors. GHAFARI was the A/E of record and the BIM integrator for the design/build team, working in collaboration with the lead contractor, The Ideal Contracting Inc. They were presented with the challenge to design and deliver this manufacturing facility under an extremely fast-tracked schedule of less than 40 weeks, while keeping the costs under control and maintaining the highest standards of quality and safety during construction. A comparable fast track design/bid/build could have required approximately 60 weeks from design to project closeout, while a fast track conventional design/build approach would have required approximately 50 weeks. To meet the schedule and cost requirements, one of the most critical requirements was that of ordering the 4500 tons of steel from the mill in less than 3 weeks from the start of design, as opposed to the normal time frame of 8-14 weeks. If the steel mill order could not be issued within the required 3 weeks, the mill rolling cycle would have been missed and the team would have been forced to order steel from the warehouses, significantly increasing cost.

31. Construction - Steel Fabrication
The entire design was fully coordinated using the 3D models, after which the 2D documentation was extracted from them. Both the fully coordinated 3D models and the associated 2D documents were then released to the sub-contractors, who used the 3D models to produce installation drawings and, in some cases, to also drive their fabrication equipment. Even after the ownership of the models was transitioned to the sub-contractors and detailers, the design team continued to review the install level models with the sub-contractors until all issues were resolved prior to construction. Because of this process and the commitment from the installing contractors to build-to-the-model, there were zero changes due to design conflicts during the construction of the project.

32. Lighting Analysis
10:00 AM
10:00 PM

33. Air Flow Analysis

34. Physical Security Assessment
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design coupled with Response Enhancing Design
Simulates Blast Effects

35. Emergency Response Using BIM35

36. BIM & LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
Validating LEED projects through commissioning and operations
Version 3.0 requires more detailed information
Provide feedback loop to improve process
Design Assumptions
and analysis
Design Testing
and Validation
Construction
Comparison – If not equal then root cause analysis of difference and correction of assumptions and analysis tools 36

37. BIM Case Studies The Beijing National Swimming Centre
The Sydney Opera House
Loblolly House
The Beijing National Swimming Centre
ARUP
Lucas Films School of Cinematic Arts
The Denver Art Museum

38. Lucas Films - School of Cinematic Arts38

39. Lucas Films - School of Cinematic Arts
The donor’s vision for the building:
Architectural function and aesthetics are the highest priority.
The building should exist for the next 100 years.
All design should be coordinated through the use of a “3D” model.
At completion, USC will have a fully integrated BIM model. 39

40. Letterman Digital Arts Center
“Despite numerous design layout changes that were required by Lucas Film Ltd. due to company restructuring, the LDAC project was completed on time and below the estimated budget….over two hundred design and construction conflicts were identified, most of which were corrected before construction, resulting in an estimated savings of over
$10 million on this $350
million project.”
Courtesy of AECbytes "Building the Future" Article (September 30, 2006)
Building Owners Driving BIM: The "Letterman Digital Arts Center" StoryMieczyslaw (Mitch) Boryslawski, Associate AIA
Founder, View By View, Inc. 40

41. Parking Garage

42. Courtesy of Dale Davis, Associate AIA and LEED ap, Jtec HCM, Inc.
Strong Business Case
Courtesy of Dale Davis, Associate AIA and LEED ap, Jtec HCM, Inc.
“On a recent hospital job the first phase was done in 2D and the follow-on phases were done in 3D – We had an 18% improvement in productivity in the follow-on phases.”
-- Matt Cramer – Dee Cramer Sheet Metal
Courtesy Bob Knochenhauer, McCarthy 42

43. A 3-D PERSPECTIVE

44. A REVIT Perspective

45. FFKR MUSEUM OF NATURAL CURIOSITY AT THANKSGIVING POINT

46. Agenda
What is BIM?
Promise of BIM
Current State
Barriers
Next Steps

47. Barriers – What’s Holding Us Back?
Highly fragmented A/E/C community
Legal and financial climate
Change processes and workflow
Lack of Interoperability
Low investment in IT
Additional staff training
Where an architect sees walls, a structural engineer may see columns, a mechanical engineer may see thermal zones, an electrical engineer sees outlet locations, and an operator sees functional area barriers.
Highly fragmented A/E/C community – Disjointed information sharing among professionals (A/E/C/O), tasks (design, const, operating), and software (design, analysis, specification, operation and management).
Legal and financial climate – Restructuring of the financial and legal framework. A/Es build models that benefit others should they be compensated? Boundaries of data ownership and lines of responsibility. Who is liable for problems resulting from a shared database?
Change processes and workflow – Firms must change design processes and workflow to effectively share data.
Lack of Interoperability – Topping the list of technological barriers is the lack of interoperability between today’s design, construction, and operational software. Centralized versus decentralized data storage. Need for the separation between data and applications. Today data tends to be integrated with the software.
Low investment in IT – Relative to the auto and aeronautical industries, a fraction of the investment in IT. Auto/Aeor – 6x investment – more of a lifecycle view and fewer small firms.
Additional staff training – May require weeks of intensive training. Consider business overlaps.

48. What is BIM? Promise of BIM Current State Barriers Next Steps Agenda
Integrating FM technologies and facilities data over the life of a facility still remains elusive today. Add to this the amount of redundant data and lack of standardization of data maintained in facilities IT systems, and one can easily become frustrated with FM technologies. Without question two of the most challenging IT issues facing facility managers are lack of strategic planning for optimizing the use of FM technologies and the standardization of data over the life of the facility. The future may be in the implementation of building information models (BIM).

49. Phases of Implementation
What’s Next?
Phases of Implementation
Visualization
Integration
Automation
CIFE – Center for Integrated Facilities Engineering
Visualization – Simplest. 3D models to make renderings and other modes of presentation for a project. No intelligence. Help non-technical stakeholders make informed design-related decisions.
Integration – Using intelligent models to share information. Reducing the need for additional data entry. Requires more software and broader knowledge of data sharing.
Automation – Data from design goes directly into the analysis tools and machines of material fabricators. Current tasks that take days can now be done in minutes.

50. What’s Next: BIM Part of Doing Business
Product Selection
Analysis
Ordering &
Invoicing
Maintain
COBie
A key element is being able to change business processes to take advantage of the opportunity. Some of these business and culture changes will be profound and potentially disruptive.
CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS BUILDING information exchange
The COBie approach is to enter the data as it is created during design, construction, and commissioning, see Figure 1. Designers provide floor, space, and equipment layouts. Contractors provide make, model, and serial numbers of installed equipment. Much of the data provided by contractors comes directly from product manufacturers who can also participate in COBie.
Close Work Order
When Model is Updated 50

51. More Information From the Expert: Deke Smith, AIA
Executive Director, buildingSMART alliance™ or
For more information: