2. LIGASE Elementary School Physics

3. Table of Contents Energy Types & Conversions Magnetism Electricity Sound Light PE & KEHeat

4. ENERGY Definition: the ability to cause a change.

5. Types of Energy Heat - the motion of molecules Mechanical - motion of objects Sound - vibration Chemical - chemical reactions Light - visible and invisible waves Electrical - electricity & magnetism

6. Conservation of Energy Definition: energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but can be transferred from one form to another.

7. Energy Transfers One form of energy can turn into another form. For example: –A ball thrown against the wall represents mechanical energy. The ball does not bounce back at the same speed, in part, because some of the mechanical energy is converted to sound and heat

8. Energy Transfer Activities Bring in different toys and household items that illustrate multiple energy transfers. Have students identify each energy in the toy/item. Most energy that is “wasted” in an energy transfer is converted to heat.

9. Energy Transfer Activities Batteries (chemical) Electricity (electrical) Motor turns (mechanical) Motor makes noise (sound) Motor gets warm (heat) Wheels turn (mechanical) Friction on the floor (heat)

10. Energy Transfer Activities Jack-in-the-Box Now you identify the energy transfers.

11. Energy Transfer Activities Wind-up Mouse Identify the energy transfers.

12. Energy Transfer Activities Wind-up Mouse Identify the energy transfers.

13. Energy Transfer Activities Wind-up Mouse Identify the energy transfers.

14. Energy Transfer Activities Have students make “Rube Goldberg” drawings illustrating multiple energy transfers. Each drawing should include a number of tasks leading up to a final goal (ex. making toast).

15. Energy Transfer Activities

16. Potential Energy The energy stored in an object.

17. Gravitational Potential Energy The stored energy of position. Weight (N) = mass (kg) x gravity (9.8 m/sec/sec) – 100 kg x 9.8 m/sec 2 = 980 N GPE = weight x height – 980 N x 10 m = 9,800 10 m 100 kg

18. Kinetic Energy The energy of motion. KE = (m x v 2 ) / 2 – (100 x 5 2 ) / 2 = 1,250 100 kg Average Velocity 5 m/sec

19. Pendulum Potential Kinetic

20. Pendulum Potential Kinetic

21. Pendulum Potential Kinetic

22. Pendulum Potential Kinetic

23. Pendulum Potential Kinetic

24. Pendulum Potential Kinetic

25. Pendulum Potential Kinetic

26. 100% PE 100% KE 50% PE 50% KE