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Crisis of the Papacy. I. Height of the Papacy A.Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) 1 Influences selection of German emperors 2. Forces Philip II of France.

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Presentation on theme: "Crisis of the Papacy. I. Height of the Papacy A.Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) 1 Influences selection of German emperors 2. Forces Philip II of France."— Presentation transcript:

1 Crisis of the Papacy

2 I. Height of the Papacy A.Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) 1 Influences selection of German emperors 2. Forces Philip II of France to keep his queen 3. Forces John of England and King of Aragon to become,papal vassals

3 I. Height of the Papacy B. 4 th Lateran Council (1215) –Culmination of reform 1. Establishes doctrine of transubstantiation 2. Confession required once a year 3. Clergy required to be celibate, sober, simple 4. Only one benefice at a time 5. Priests forbidden to participate in ordeal trials C. B. Legates and canon law 1. Popes more likely to be trained in law and have lawyer’s mind

4 II. Popes Engulfed by Law and Politics A. Pope Innocent’s crusade against Frederick II B. Pope Martin IV and the War of the Sicilian Vespers (1282-85) C. Boniface VIII vs. Philip IV of France 1. Tax controversy begins (1296) 2. Case of French bishop (1301) 3. Unam Sanctam (1302) 4. Pope captured by French (1303)

5 III. Babylonian Captivity A.Popes move to Avignon 1.Need for money 2. Most spend on wars to regain Papal lands B. John XXII (1316-1334) 1. Sale of indulgences begins 2. Denounces “Spiritual” Franciscans”

6 III. Babylonian Captivity C. Catherine of Siena (1347-80) 1. Female St. Francis 2. Convinces Pope to return to Rome (1377) D. Great Schism begins 1. Two Popes 2. Three Popes

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