1. Unit 4: Modern middle East
Creation of Israel
Unit 4: Modern middle East

2. Conflicting Claims Zionism: Arabs: Form of Nationalism
Creation of a state in the holy land.
Arabs:
Turks controlled Holy Land since 1100’s.
Palestinians lived there for nearly 2000 years.
Home of Al-Aqsa Mosque

3. Justification for Land Claim
Jewish Justification:
Historic Land Claim
Abraham led the Jews to Canaan
Ancestors lived there
Jerusalem home of Wailing Wall

4. Think Pair Share
If you were Israeli, why might you think you should live on the land that is now Israel?
If you were Palestinian, why might you think you should live on the land that is now Israel?
Who has the rightful claim to the land?

5. Where did Zionism come from?
Anti Semitism throughout History.
Black Death
Poisoning Wells
Russian Pogroms
Anti Jewish riots
Dreyfus Affair
Wrongfully Convicted
Holocaust
6 million dead

6. Unit 4: Modern Middle East
Broken Promises
Unit 4: Modern Middle East

7. What Did WWI Promise the World?
Democracy

8. Ottoman Empire

9. The Decline of the Ottoman Empire: 1807-1924

10. Conflict in the Middle East: Arab-Israeli Wars
Unit 4: Modern Middle east

11. Broken Promises World War I McMahon-Husain (1915) Sykes-Picot (1916)
Fall of the Ottoman Empire
British had made Promises to Both Sides
McMahon-Husain (1915)
Sykes-Picot (1916)
Balfour Declaration (1917)
The Mandate of Palestine
British occupation and Administration

12. McHahon-Husain Letters

13. McHahon-Husain Letters

14. Sykes-Picot

15. Aftermath of WWII UN Intervention What do we do with Jerusalem?
1947
Palestinian (45%) and Jewish States (55%)
What do we do with Jerusalem?
International
Shared
Jewish refugees:
Populate area
Very organized

16. Conflict in the Middle East The Wars that Shaped the Borders
Unit 4: Modern Middle East

17. Arab-Israeli War May 14, 1948 May 15, 1948 What about Palestine?
Israel becomes a state
David Ben-Gurion
1st prime Minister
May 15, 1948
Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and Lebanon invade Israel.
Israel wins
US Support
What about Palestine?

18. Perspective on Partition
Israeli
Palestinian
Creates state of Israel
War of Independence
Violence would not happen if there was a Jewish Homeland
They had no input
Nabka: “catastrophe”
Land set aside for Palestinians:
Arab or Israeli controlled

19. Suez Crisis Suez Canal July 1956 British, France, and Israel.
British owned Canal
Negotiations to draw down Troops
July 1956
Egypt Nationalizes canal
What does that mean?
British, France, and Israel.
Israel invades
UN sides with Egypt

20. Six Day War Tensions still exist Results: June 1967 Preemptive Strike
Israel is over powering
Results:
Territorial Gains
Jerusalem
West Bank
Golan Heights
Sinai Peninsula
Refugees
250,000 fled

21. Perspective On and Aftermath of 1967 War
Israeli
Palestinian Perspective
Land gained is a buffer zone
West bank, Gaza Strip, and Golan heights.
Defensible borders
Unified Jerusalem
Holiest City
West Bank and Gaza Strip “Occupied territories”
Some will accept pre-war borders
PLO forms and begins to use terrorism

22. Unfinished Business Yom Kippur War: Initial Results:
Egyptian President Anwar Sadat.
Surprise Attack
Initial Results:
Israeli forces pushed back
Israeli Counter Attack
Prime Minister Golda Meir
Results
Borders remain the same

23. Peace in the Middle East?
Unit 4: Modern Middle East

24. Palestinian Liberation Organization
P.L.O
1964
Goal= Fight for Palestinian State
Yasser Arafat
Chairmen of the P.L.O
Munich Olympics
Black September
PLO?
1972 summer games
11 Israeli athletes murdered

25. Camp David Accords Why is it important? Who was it between?
First signed agreement between Israel and an Arab Country
Who was it between?
Israel and Egypt
What did it do?
Recognized Israel
Israel gives back Sinai
Results
Anwar Sadat was assassinated.

26. First Intifada Palestinian Campaign
What do you think Civil Disobedience is?
Boycotts and Protests
Attacks on Soldiers
Rock Throwing
Why did they do it?
Results
400 Israelis killed
1500 Palestinians killed

27. Second Intifada Bill Clinton Palestinian violence erupts.
Failed at Peace Accords at Camp David
Arafat walks away
Palestinian violence erupts.
Suicide bombers target buses, discos, hotels, etc.
Israel military responds
4500 Palestinians killed
1000 Israelis killed

28. Unit 4: Modern Middle East
Current Situation
Unit 4: Modern Middle East

29. Oslo Accords Oslo Peace Accords Who is it between? Results:
Declaration of Principles
Who is it between?
Israel and PLO
Rabin and Arafat
Results:
Limited Self Rule
Gaza and West bank
Framework to settle issues
Rabin Assassinated

30. Gaza Strip Road Map to Peace Two State Solution
Abbas and Sharon
Two State Solution
Backed by US
Create a Israel and Palestine
2005 Israel removes settlements.
Palestinian control
Hamas
Gov’t vs. terrorist org.