1. Mentoring & Coaching Eva Said Assistant Lecturer College of Nursing
Hawler Medical University

2. Objectives
On completion of this lecture the participants should able to:
Describe history of mentorship
Define mentorship
Define a mentor
Understand the responsibilities of a mentor
Differentiate between mentorship and coaching
Recognize and describe the phases of mentorship
Identify positive qualities of a mentor and a mentee
Appreciate the importance of positive mentorship experience
Demonstrate understanding of clinical learning environment, its components and importance for learning

3. The story of Mentor comes from ancient Greek poem
History of Mentorship
The story of Mentor comes from ancient Greek poem
 ’Odyssey’ by Homer.
Odysseus, king of Ithaca, fights in the Trojan War and entrusts the care of his son Telemachus to Mentor, who becomes his teacher and advisor.

4. History of Mentorship
The term ‘mentor’ has gradually evolved to signify a designated person who dedicates some of their time to help individuals to learn during their developmental years, to progress towards and achieve maturity and establish their identity.
Famous mentoring relationships: Socrates and Plato, Hayden and Beethoven, Freud and Jung.

5. History of mentorship
Mentoring is a fundamental form of human development where one person invests time, energy and personal know-how in assisting the growth and ability of another person.
Shea, Gordon F. (1997)

6. What is Mentorship? (developmental perspective)
Mentorship is one-to-one, mutual, committed relationship between a junior and a senior person designed to promote personal and professional development beyond any particular curricular or institutional goals.
American Journal of Health System Pharmacy, 2006

7. What is mentorship? (holistic perspective)
Mentorship is not limited to the development of some narrow set of skills or behaviours, but addresses the whole person and his or her career.
Harvard Business Review
Coaching and Mentoring 2004

8. What is mentorship? (pragmatic perspective)
Mentorship is a planned pairing of a more experienced person with a lesser skilled individual for the purpose of achieving mutually agreed upon outcomes.

9. Who is a Mentor ?
Mentor is an experienced qualified professional (doctor, nurse, pharmacist, dentist…) who teaches and guides a student (mentee) and helps him/her to become a competent practitioner.

10. Responsibilities of a Mentor
Teaches the mentee about a specific issues
Coaches the mentee on a particular skill
Facilitates the mentee’s growth by sharing resources and networks
Helps mentee to discover and use their own talents
Challenges the mentee to move beyond his or her comfort zone
Creates a safe learning environment for taking risks
Focuses on the mentee’s total development
Facilitates transition from novice to competent practitioner

11. Responsibilities of a Mentor
Teacher/coach
Envisioner
Investor
Supporter
Standard prodder
Feedback giver
Eye opener
Door opener
Idea bouncer
Problem solver
Career counsellor
Challenger
Energiser
Friend

12. Mentoring and Coaching
Key goals
To correct inappropriate behaviour, improve performance and skills
To support and guide personal growth
Initiative
The coach directs the learning
The mentee is in charge of learning
Focus
Immediate problems and opportunities
Long-term personal and career development
Roles
Coach – telling with appropriate feedback
Mentor - listening, role modelling, making suggestions, correcting
Duration
Short-term and as needed
Long-term
Relationship
Coach is often the manager
Mentor is rarely the manager

13. Mentorship Process Initiation phase Working phase Termination phase
(Morton-Cooper and Palmer, 2000)

14. Initiation Phase
Mentor and student get to know each other by working together, support each other, and influence relationship.

15. Working Phase
Student benefits from relationship as he/she learns new skills. Mentor and student become close as they spend time together, trust develops. Student gradually becomes more independent, starts to take responsibility, needs help less often.

16. Termination Phase The relationship ends positively or negatively.
If positive ending:
student was seen as an adult learner with previous experience (personal and/or clinical)
practice area provided learning opportunities for supervised practice, supported exchange of ideas, and provided constructive feedback.

17. Student – Mentor Relationship
The relationship between the mentor and the student is the most important factor in the success of mentorship.

18. Positive Qualities of a Mentor
Genuineness (realness) - being yourself, not pretending you are better than the student, sharing attitudes, feelings and some self-disclosure.
Respect - student is a unique and capable individual (future colleague!) who deserves support of the mentor
Acceptance – student has got right to have his/her point of view, even if it is different from mentor’s
Empathy – mentor should try to understand how student feels (imaging yourself in student’s situation)
Warmth – make student feel welcome, show commitment supporting student and working together
Appreciation - recognition of the good qualities of someone or something, appreciating efforts of the student
Honesty – telling truth, behaving honestly and openly

19. Positive Qualities of a Mentee
Enthusiastic
Motivated to learn
Open-minded
Open to constructive feedback
Positive about placement area
Effective in communication
Willing to work hard
Keen to take advantage of learning opportunities
Able to identify some of their learning needs
Willing to improve
IF THE MENTEE DOES NOT HAVE THESE QUALITIES, THE MENTOR SHOULD HELP HIM/HER TO DEVELOP THEM!

20. Positive Mentorship Experience
EMPOWEREMENT
ACHIEVEMENT
RISK-TAKING
OPTIMISM
CONFIDENCE
COMPETENCE
KNOWLEDGE

21. Negative Mentorship Experience
DEPENDANCE
MAKING EXCUSES
BLAMING OTHERS
PRETENCES
DEFERING
MISTRUST OF ABILITIES
FAILURE
STRESS

22. Clinical Learning Environment
Clinical environment is:
a place where patient/client care happens
a place where many health professionals work together to deliver care using their professional expertise
Unpredictable, dynamic, and full of human interactions and activities

23. Clinical Learning Environment
Clinical learning environment is a place where students (nursing, medical, other) learn from health care professionals about patient/client care and what clinical practice is all about.
Creating positive learning environment is one of important responsibilities of the mentor.

24. Clinical Learning Environment
People
Culture
and
Learning opportunities
Staff commitment to learning
Material resources
Procedures and practices
Rules and regulations

25. Mutuality of Mentorship
Mentorship is a partnership in which both individuals share in the personal growth process and the personal development of one another.

26. If you light a lamp for someone it will also brighten your own path.
Mentorship
If you light a lamp for someone it will also brighten your own path.
Buddhist proverb

27. Eva Said E-mail: evasaid1@gmail.com