2. Horror Genre Mr. Oporta

3. Fear Fear is the most basic human instinct. Fear is the most powerful teacher. Some people love to be scared.

4. Fear as a Teacher Origins of the horror genre come from teaching of children. Parents would often tell stories of children who did not listen to their parents and were taken away by evil spirits. The Bogeyman

5. Fear as a Teacher Malta cave, is a cave somewhere in England. The cave leads to a system of tunnels that were a labyrinth Children would play there and get lost, so the parents of a nearby town “created” a monster that lived in the cave and ate children.

6. Legends More remote places in Europe would then “readapt” the stories that taught children and enhanced the world those would be “monsters” lived in. They then became legend and soon people began to believe it.

7. Legends: Werewolves At first werewolves were just bigger wolves that lived in the forest and would eat children would would wander into the woods alone at night.

8. Legends: Vampires Vampires at “first” simply took blood from young/beautiful women to keep them from being promiscuous. Can be traced as far back as the Ancient Greeks.

9. Real “Vampires” Vlad the Impaler, Count of the House of Draculesti. Prince of Romania what would be Transylvania He was a fierce warrior and drank the blood of his fallen victims.

10. Real “Vampires” The Vampire Countess - Lady Bathory she had Anemia She was obsessed with her looks. Killed her own servants. Murdered over 1000 people. The Servants who escaped told of her story

11. Vampire Kits

12. Victorian Horror Stories Stories were meant to keep woman from being promiscuous Ankles and wrist considered sex symbols. Gothic Fiction

13. Victorian Novels: Gothic Fiction Frankenstein The Vampyre The Wolfman Dr. Jeckle and Mr. Hyde The Invisible man The Phantom of the Opera

14. Gothic Conventions MurderDeathSuicideGhostsDemons Gloomy settings Family secrets DungeonsCursesTorture VampiresSpiritsCastlesTombsTerror

15. A few more gothic conventions Damsel in distress (frequently faints in horror) Secret corridors, passageways, or rooms Ancestral curses Ruined castles with graveyards nearby Priests and monks Sleep, dream, death-like states

16. Gothic Writers Anne Rice Edgar Allan Poe Joyce Carol Oates Stephen King Stephenie Meyer

17. Masters of Horror Stephen King is often compared to the 18th century weaver of horror tales, Edgar Allan Poe

18. Alfred Hitchcock

19. Master of the thriller genre he virtually invented Master of Suspense Abrilliant technician who deftly blended sex, suspense and humor The classic Hitchcock plot: an innocent protagonist is falsely accused of a crime and becomes involved in a web of intrigue.

20. The Classics and the Masterpieces 1950-1960 was Hitchcock’s most productive decade1950-1960 was Hitchcock’s most productive decade – Dial “M” for Murder – To Catch a Thief – Strangers on a Train The MasterpiecesThe Masterpieces – Rear Window – Vertigo – North by Northwest – Psycho

21. The Horror Genre The audience experiences/feels fear or disgust. Stories often have an evil force, event or supernatural character. Settings are usually in small town America, in quiet neighbourhoods and in woods. Shadows and darkness play an important part. The color red is often symbolic.

22. Horror Through the Ages Audiences today aren’t easily frightened. Directors need to come up with a new angle or use comedy. Can you think of any films that have done this successfully?

23. History of Horror 1890s-George Melies’ ‘Monster Movies’ 1922-German Vampire Flick 1930s-Gothic Horror from Universal Studio (Frankenstein, Dracula) 1950-Alien Invasions (Body Snatchers, Thing from another World) 1960s-Hammer Films

24. History of Horror-1960-1970s Late 1960s-Psychological Horror from Hitchcock (Psycho). Michael Powell’s ‘Peeping Tom’. Late 60’s-70s-Occult horror (Rosemary’s Baby, Exorcist)- Walking Dead (Romero’s 1968 ‘Night of the Living Dead’. 1970s-Gore fests such as Carpenter’s ‘Last House on the Left’, Tobe Hooper’s ‘Texas Chainsaw Massacre’

25. History of Horror-Late 70s/80s 1978-Carpenter’s tension filled Halloween. Romero’s Zombie’s continued to shuffle along in ‘Dawn of the Dead’ and the ‘Day of the Dead’

26. History of Horror-1990s Post-modern, self aware horror from Wes Craven and Kevin Williamson (Scream Trilogy) 1999-Blair Witch mockumentary Japanese Horror floods the market with ‘Ringu’, ‘Ju-On’ (The Grudge)

27. History of Horror-2000+ American remakes of Japanese Horror (Ring, Grudge, Dark Waters) Revisiting of old villains in a new guise (Freddy V Jason, Halloween H2O, Alien V Predator).

28. ACTIVITY Get together with your previous group Create a horror story using the guidelines given See if you create all the proper things need to make a horror picture.

29. Characteristics of a Horror Although all horror films are vastly different and can encompass several different possible plots and endings, there are some characteristics that can be seen in several if not all horror films.

30. Settings a deserted (or sparsely inhabited) castle or mansion in a state of ruins or semi-ruinsa deserted (or sparsely inhabited) castle or mansion in a state of ruins or semi-ruins labyrinths/mazes, dark corridors, and winding stairslabyrinths/mazes, dark corridors, and winding stairs

31. Settings castles or mansions which have hidden tunnels/staircases, dungeons, underground passages, crypts, or catacombscastles or mansions which have hidden tunnels/staircases, dungeons, underground passages, crypts, or catacombs  threatening natural landscapes, like rugged mountains, dark forests, or eerie moors, exhibiting stormy weather

32. Lighting Low lit scene High contrast limited lighting such as moonlight (usually a full moon), candles, flashlight, lanternlimited lighting such as moonlight (usually a full moon), candles, flashlight, lantern

33. Lighting often the light disappears: clouds hide the moon, candles go out, flashlights/ lanterns are dropped and brokenoften the light disappears: clouds hide the moon, candles go out, flashlights/ lanterns are dropped and broken if electric lights exist, they usually mysteriously go outif electric lights exist, they usually mysteriously go out

34. Atmosphere Dark scenes filled with disturbing shadows and strange and alarming props are typically seen in horror movies. A characteristic foreboding shot is a tight shot of footsteps coming closer to the main character, who is trying to hide from this threat.

35. Sound Horror films typically turn normal sound effects into "creepy" sound elements. With good timing, a sudden loud bang or a falling object crashing to the floor will deliver a shock factor. It can also involve a jittery scene set in dead silence, which makes the anticipation of what comes next more hair-raising.

36. Elements of Horror

37. Graphic Scenes Most horror films include graphic scenes of explicit gore These elements typically feature violence caused by humans, monsters or supernatural beings The graphic special effects are often used as thrill and climax of films.

38. Emotional Response Most horror movies attempt to elicit a specific emotional response. The obvious emotions associated with horror are fear, terror and dread Horror movies do scare people, whether that fear comes from a supernatural element in the story or knowing that what happened in the film could happen to you. Other emotional elements that come from a horror film include revulsion and a sense of helplessness

39. Monsters Although not all films have “monsters” in particular there is always some antagonist that draws the plot forward: EX: Monster, Serial Killer, Evil Spirit etc.

40. Violence Violence is, depending on the film, either the climax or plot of the film. All horror films encompass some form of violence EX: Saw vs. the Strangers Saw is considered a “cheap” thrill in violence

41. Evil Force ghosts, werewolves, vampires, demons, vicious animals, cannibals, zombies, masked killers and deranged beings.

42. Other Elements dark secrets surrounding some tormented soul who is left to live in isolationdark secrets surrounding some tormented soul who is left to live in isolation ominous omens and cursesominous omens and curses magic, supernatural manifestations, or the suggestion of the supernaturalmagic, supernatural manifestations, or the suggestion of the supernatural a damsel in distressa damsel in distress the damsel’s rescuer; usually a loverthe damsel’s rescuer; usually a lover horrifying (or terrifying) events or the threat of such happeningshorrifying (or terrifying) events or the threat of such happenings

43. Characters

44. Groups The Whore The Athlete The Scholar The Fool The Virgin

45. Medieval Connection The Whore The Athlete The Fool The Scholar The Virgin The Wench The Knight The Fool The Wizard The Princess

46. Stereotypical Characters

47. Female Victim There is almost no horror film without a female victim, as they are portrayed as being vulnerable and in need of protection. This representation dates back to earlier horror films that were made in a more sexist era, and the idea continued. Usually young, blonde and attractive, helping to appeal to a wider male audience. This character is often portrayed to be stupid and annoying, one of the only characters the audience sometimes will to be killed. Although she is shown to be dumb, she isn’t typically the first to be killed, but when she is killed, it is usually gruesome or graphic. This character helps to build up suspense in the audience, as her behaviour often puts them on edge, and whenever she jumps, even if unnecessary, they jump too.

48. Non-Believer Can be of either sex, although often male. Portrayed as being cocky and at ease, convincing the other characters that they are over reacting and that nothing is going on Typically overconfident, which usually lead to them being the first to be killed, and their death will trigger a mass killing of the other characters. To begin with, the audience will listen to this voice of reason and be reassured and calmed slightly by them. However, when they are shortly after killed, the audience will panic and all sense of security has gone; nobody is safe.

49. Hero Pretty much always a male character of strong, masculine build. Although he is the ‘hero’, there aren’t many horror films where the good triumph over evil. In these cases, he tends to be the brave character that goes after the murderer, often never returning. These characters tend to show little emotion throughout the film, perhaps to stay strong and supportive for the other characters that cope less well. In more recent horror films, the hero has begun to appear as a female. This makes the film more unpredictable, and challenges the older, more traditional conventions.

50. Hysterical Character Usually female They are typically known to not want to leave the building they are in, usually after witnessing the murder of one of her friends. The other characters try to move her, but she often breaks down into hysterics and refuses to move. This will usually either result in her staying behind and being killed, or all other characters being hunted down and her saved until last. One way or another, she is always killed. This character has quite an impact on the audience, and her hysterical tendencies reflect onto them and helps to build up more suspense.

51. Evil Character Can take many forms; serial killer, demonic possession, ghost, monster (vampire, werewolf, zombie etc.) If they are human, they will often wear a mask, disguising them completely of appearance or emotion, and the audience can make no connection to them whatsoever. Wearing a mask also plays on the fear of the unknown. They will never react in a normal way to injuries; if they were to be stabbed, they usually manage to get back up again unharmed, hinting towards the idea of them being inhuman. Any other type of killer, such as a monster or demon also plays on the fear of the unknown, and as there is never any solid proof that they do not exist, they play on the audiences more primal fears and the thought that they could actually be all around at night. This character obviously has the biggest impact on the audience and strikes fear into them. They are what the suspension throughout the film and all other codes and conventions have been building up to.

52. Loved up Couple Male and female characters, usually all over each other when they are killed. They are typically away from the rest of the group when the first murder occurs, and therefore don’t know that there is a killer out there So preoccupied with each other that they don’t notice the killer, even when he is close to them. At this point, the audience are often shouting at the characters, and are frustrated at how oblivious they are. They are usually killed just as they are about to have sex. They have an impact on the audience, as they get frustrated at them, putting the audience on the edge of their seat, building up tension further.

53. What makes Horror, Horrifying? Absence 1.The Unknown 2.The Unexpected 3.The Unbelievable 4.The Unseen 5.The Unconscious 6.The Unstoppable

54. All Horror is Based on a True Story The Amityville Horror The Exorcist Silent Hill Silence of the Lamb